Anxiety-ILA Flashcards
What can cause PTSD?
any trauma eg war, sexual assault, traumatic birth, road accident
What are the symptoms of PTSD?
these can happen for the first timke up to years later.
- RE-EXPERIENCING the event in flashbacks or nightmares
- having TRIGGERS for it happening
- AVOIDANCE of people/trigger/talking about it
- HYPERAROUSAL causing them to be on edge, irritable, insomnia and poor concentration
- feelings of guilt or shame
What are the differentials of PTSD?
Generalised anxiety
Depression
Phobias
Alcohol dependence
What is the management for PTSD
Antidepressants
CBT
Eye movement desensitisation
Group therapy
What are obsessions and what are examples?
Unwelcome thoughts or urges that repetitively appear in mind eg thoughts of harming yourself, others or contamination
What are compulsions? And give an example
Repetitive activities done to reduce anxiety of an obsession
eg cleaning, checking (usually will have a number in mind), counting, ordering, hoarding, wash hands, repeat words, think neutralising thoughts, need reassurance from others, symmetry
What is the most common compulsion?
hand washing
What is the management for OCD?
CBT
SSRI – fluoxetine good for anxiety
clomipramine
If keeps washing hands need dermatology review
What is needed for a diagnosis of generalised anxiety disorder?
6 months of prominent tension, worry and apprehension
4 out of: tiredness, tremor, dry mouth, palpitations, excess sweating, hot flush, chills, numbness, difficulty breathing, N+V, dizziness, hyperventilation (chest pain, tinnitus, paraesthesia), headaches, muscle tension, dysphagia
What congitive symptoms are associated with anxiety?
Sense of dread, ruminations, restlessness, irritable, fear of loss of control or death, on edge
What biological smptoms are associated with anxiety?
Decreased concentration and sleep - with intial insomnia rather than EMW
What is the management for generalised anxiety disorder?
SSRI - sertraline
CBT
Exercise, meditation, hypnosis
What are the symptoms of social anxiety disorder?
Every day activities dread like using the phone, going shopping, working
Avoidance of social gatherings
Scared of blushing or incompetence
Find it difficult to do things when others watch
May get panic attacks
Avoid humiliation
What is the management for social anxiety?
CBT
SSRI
Self help
What is a phobia?
Where anxiety is triggered by a specific stimulus
What is an example of a phobia?
agorophobia- fear of leaving safety
Wat are the physical symptoms of phobias?
Palpitations chest pain choking Tachypnoea Dry mouth Urgency of micturition Dizziness Blurred visions Parasthesia
What are the congitive symptoms of phobias?
Feeling of impending doom Fear of dying Fear of losing control Depersonalisation Derealisation
what is the management for phobias?
Physical anxiety symptoms manage with propranolol, pregabalin and diazepams
Graded exposure
Mindfulness
Psychoeducation
What is panic disorder?
It’s like phobias but panic attack occurs without trigger
What causes a panic attack?
flight or fight system is activated causing an adrenaline rush
What is the management for panic disorder?
same as phobias so: Physical anxiety symptoms manage with propranolol, pregabalin and diazepams Graded exposure Mindfulness Psychoeducation
