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Psychiatry - Phase II > Anxiety disorders > Flashcards

Anxiety disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is OCD?

A

An anxiety disorder characterised by Obsessions and Compulsions

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2
Q

What is an Obsession?

A

An intrusive thought, unwanted and recurring
The patient has ownership over the thought and recognises it as their own
The patient recognises it is not true
Distressing as they are always egodystonic

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3
Q

What is a Compulsion?

A

A neutralising behaviour for the stress caused by intrusive thoughts/obsessions. Patient attempts to resist them, finds them pointless
Can be overt or covert
Either not connected or excessive response

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4
Q

What is the difference between a perfectionist and a person with OCD?

A

Perfectionism is egosyntonic

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5
Q

What is the management of OCD?

A

Antidepressants eg SSRIs
Patient education
CBT including exposure + response prevention

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6
Q

Define Post traumatic stress disorder

A

Exposure to an event/situation of catastrophic nature which would likely cause distress in the majority of the population causing intrusive memories/flashbacks within 6 months of the event

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7
Q

What are the 3 main features of post traumatic stress disorder?

A 
Re-experiencing
Avoidance
Hyperarousal
Dissociation
*May also be irritable or have poor concentration*
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8
Q

What is the treatment for PTSD?

A 
Psychotherapy
CBT
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR)
Group therapy
Antidepressants
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9
Q

What features make anxiety pathological?

A

Excessive for situation
Persists in absence of real threat
Impairs social functioning

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10
Q

What are the psychological symptoms of anxiety?

A 
Hyper arousal
Worry
Recurrent thoughts of impending doom
Inability to concentrate
Irritability
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11
Q

What are the biological symptoms of anxiety?

A

Sympathetic activation/autonomic arousal eg tachycardia, sweating, increased BP
Muscle tension

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12
Q

What are some of the physical conditions that can cause anxiety? THINC MED

A 
Tumours eg phaechromocytoma
Hyperthyroidism
Infections eg lyme disease
Nutrients eg B12 deficiency
CNS eg head trauma
Miscellaneous eg Wilson's disease
Electrolyte imbalances/environmental toxins eg Hyperkalaemia/Organophosphates
Medications eg Cocaine, alcohol withdrawal, steroids, metoclopramide
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13
Q

What are the primary anxiety disorders? (7)

A 
Agoraphobia
Panic disorder
Social phobia
Specific phobia
Generalised anxiety disorder
PTSD
OCD
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14
Q

What is Panic disorder?

A

Recurrent unexpected surges of severe anxiety
Anticipating panic attacks between episodes - persistent concern, Worry about consequences of another attack, sig change in behaviour relating to attack

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15
Q

What is the treatment for Panic disorder?

A 
SSRIs
Short term benzodiazepines
SNRIs
NASAs
TCAs
CBT
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16
Q

Define Agoraphobia

A

Fear in places/situations where exit may be difficult or where help may not be available eg being in a crowd, being on public transport, being outside the home (2 needed for ICD-10)
Situations either avoided or endured with severe psychological stress

17
Q

What is the treatment of Agoraphobia?

A

Patients with Agoraphobia often have panic disorder (+visera versa)
SSRIs
SNRIs/TCAs
CBT

18
Q

Define Generalised anxiety disorder

A

Free floating persistent, excessive + inappropriate worry. Patient finds it difficult to control symptoms

19
Q

What is the treatment for GAD?

A 
SSRIs eg Sertraline
SNRIs eg Venlafaxine
BDZs short term
TCAs
Anxiolytics eg Buspirone
CBT
20
Q

Define Social phobia

A

Marked, persistent and unreasonable fear of either;
Being judged in social/performance situations
Humiliating oneself in social/performance situations
Avoided or endured with significant personal distress
Person recognises fear as unreasonable and excessive

21
Q

What is the treatment of Social phobia?

A 
SSRIs
SNRIs
BDZs short term
Gabapentin, Pregabalin
Olanzipine
CBT
22
Q

Define Specific phobia

A

Excessive or unreasonable fear of a specific thing eg spiders, flying, specific people
Avoided or endured with significant personal distress

23
Q

What is the treatment of Specific phobia?

A

CBT/Exposure techniques

SSRIs

Psychiatry - Phase II (16 decks)

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