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10- Psychiatry > Anxiety and Stress > Flashcards

Anxiety and Stress Flashcards

1
Q

what is the stress response for?

A

1) assess danger
2) organise and appropriate response

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2
Q

what part of the brain acts as an ‘emotional filter’ deciding what requires a stress/fear response?

A

amygdala

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3
Q

where is cortisol released?

A

adrenal gland

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4
Q

acute stress leads to a dose depnedant increase in what?

A

catecholamines and cortisol

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5
Q

an anxiety diorder is classified as what?

A

anxiety in situations that are not ‘normally’ anxiety provoking causign significant distress and impairment of scoial function

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6
Q

diagnose the anxiety disorder: generalised and persistent but not predominating in any particular environment or situation ‘free-floating’

A

Generalsied Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

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7
Q

what are some key features of GAD?

A

most days at least 6 months

not controllable

typical onset 20-40

90% co-morbid w other psychiatric disorders i.e depression

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8
Q

what is the treatment of GAD?

A

CBT

SSRI’s/SNRI’s

pregabalin

benzodiazepines- short term only*

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9
Q

diagnose the following anxiety disorder: recurrent attacks of severe anxiety not restricted to any particular situation and are therfore unpredictable

A

panic disorder

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10
Q

what are some features of panic disorder?

A

chronic- waxing and waning

comorbid with other anxieties, depression, drug/alcohol misuse

50-60% also have agoraphobia

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11
Q

what is agroaphobia?

A

anxiety disorder in which you fear and avoid places or situations that might cause you to panic/feel trapped, helpless or embarassed

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12
Q

how do you treat panic disorder?

A

CBT

SSRI’s/SNRI’s/Tricyclics

Benzos- short term only*

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13
Q

define soical phobia

A

persistent fear of one or more social situations exposed to unfamiliar people or possible scrutiny from others

fear they will show symtpoms that will be embarassing

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14
Q

define specific phobia

A

marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable cued by presence or anticipation of specific object or situation

exposure results in anxiety response/ panic attack

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15
Q

what is the treatment for phobias?

A

CBT

SSRI’s

Behavioural therapy (specific phobia)

Benzos- short term only*

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16
Q

what is a schema?

A

persons thought pattern

17
Q

how long must symtpkms be present for to diagnose OCD?

A

most days fro at least 2 weeks AND be sourse of distress causing interfernce with activities

18
Q

what is the peak incidence of OCD?

A

13-15 in males

24-25 in females

19
Q

60-90% of people with OCD will experience at least 1 major depressive epsiode true/flase

A

true

20
Q

what is the treatment for OCD?

A

CBT

repsonse prevention

SSRI’s/ clomipramine

21
Q

how can traumatuc events be differnentiated?

A

intentional vs unintentional

human made vs natural

22
Q

disasters can be classified into what? (2)

A

centrifugal (together only at time of disaster)

centripetal (existing community struck by hurricane)

23
Q

trauma can be categorised as type 1 and type 2 what are they?

A

Type 1: single incident trauma, unexpected

Type 2: complex trauma (repetitive, ongoing)

24
Q

define major incident?

A

any situation assoc w multipile casualities and damage to property due to natural/unatural causes

25
Q

what phrase should be used in place of attmepted suicide?

A

deliberate self-harm

26
Q

who has a higher rate of suicide and self harm?

A

men- suicide

women- self harm

27
Q

suicide rates are higher in which areas?

A

urban areas compared to rural

28
Q

explain seasonal suicide rates?

A

spring peak and autumn trough

29
Q

are married people more or less likely to commit suicide?

A

less

30
Q

lithium or soidum valporate has the least risk of suicide of a mood stabiliser?

A

lithium

31
Q

what are some functional symtpoms?

A

pain

dizziness

wekaness

32
Q

what is the difference between dissociation and depersonilisation?

A

dissociation: detachment of reality (e.g. driving car and not remembering hwo you got there, autopilot)
depersoniliastion: feeling that your body doesn’t belong you

33
Q

how long must symtpoms be present before a diagnosis of PTSD can be made?

A

at least 1 month

10- Psychiatry (11 decks)

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