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Anxiety and adjustment disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the criteria for panic disorder?

A

recurrent panic attacks and a panic attack followed by at least 1 month of worrying about the next one

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2
Q

A 16 year old patient presents with mania and appears to be pregnant. What therapy should be offered?

A

Atypical antipsychotics

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3
Q

How does bipolar diagnosis in kids differ than adults?

A

Adolescent mania more often accompanied by psychotic features, more commonly confused with ODD or ADHD
Need to meet all DSM criteria including 1 week criterion

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4
Q

What is the major classification for panic disorder?

A

With or without agoraphobia

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5
Q

What is the believed underlying etiology of panic disorder?

A

Elevated norepinephrine, low serotonin and GABA

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6
Q

What is the best treatment option for panic disorder?

A

SSRIs (paroxetine, sertraline), benzos in the short term

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7
Q

What are the criteria for specific phobias?

A

Excessive fear, exposure causes immediate anxiety, patient recognizes excessive fear, situation is avoided, duration at least 6 months

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8
Q

What is one effective treatment for performance anxiety?

A

Beta blockers, paroxetine

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9
Q

What is the DSM criteria for obsession and compulsions?

A

Obsessions - recurrent intrusive thoughts and impulses, ego syntonic
Compulsions - repetitive behaviors that person does in response to a compulsion

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10
Q

Describe the epidemiology of OCD

A

More common in those with first degree relative with Tourette’s, onset in early adulthood

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11
Q

What is the believed etiology of OCD?

A

Neurochemical, genetic, psychosocial (triggered by life event)

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12
Q

What is the treatment for OCD?

A

SSRIs, TCAs, behavioral therapy (exposure and response prevention); last escort cases - ECT

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13
Q

What is the prognosis of OCD?

A

Lots of substance abuse, depression - only 30% show improvement

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14
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for PTSD?

A

Traumatic event, hyperarousal, reexperiencing traumatic event, persistent avoidance for more than a month

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15
Q

What is the recommended treatment for PTSD?

A

SSRIs, TCAs, MAOIs, cognitive behavioral therapy

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16
Q

What is the DSM criteria for GAD?

A

Persistent hyperarousal about daily events for at least 6 months

17
Q

What is the epidemiology of GAD?

A

Very common (45%), onset usually before age 20, occurs more commonly in women

18
Q

What is the most effective treatment for GAD?

A

Antidepressants, psychotherapy, buspirone

19
Q

How can somatizatiom disorder be distinguished from malingering and conversion disorder?

A

Conversion and somat. is not volitional- conversion disorder occurs much more rapidly

20
Q

How do you distinguish a delusion from an obsessive thought?

A

Patient is aware that thought is silly

21
Q

What is the usual course of OCD?

A

Typically relapsing or progressive

22
Q

A patient presents hearing voices and having large gaps in autobiographical memory. This is..

A

Dissociative personality disorder

23
Q

What is the utility of buspirone in anti-anxiety?

A

Not good for acute anxiety

24
Q

Child onset OCD is associated with…

A

Streptococcal infections

25
Q

What are the two types of somatization disorders?

A

Primary gain - unconscious against some internal conflict

Secondary - stand to gain something externally

26
Q

What is derealization?

A

Occurs during anxiety - sense that what’s around you isn’t real

27
Q

What areas of the brain show increased activity on OCD?

A

Caudate, frontal lobe

28
Q

What is the neurological correlate of panic disorder?

A

decreased volume of amygdala

29
Q

What is the neurological correlate of PTSD?

A

decreased hippocampus size

30
Q

What is the neurological correlate of obsessive compulsive disorder?

A

abnormalities in the orbitofrontal cortex

Psych (17 decks)

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