Antivirals Flashcards
1
Q
Name some acute viruses
A
Influenza
Measles
Mumps
Hep A
2
Q
Name some chronic viruses
A
Latent with/without recurrences
Persistent- HIV, Hep B&C
3
Q
What are the constituents of a virus
A
- Nucleic acid DNA/RNA
- Protein coat
- +/- lipid envelope
- Obligate intracellular parasites
4
Q
How do viruses replicate?
A
1) Attach to cell
2) Cell entry
3) Virus uncoating
4) Early proteins produced-viral enzymes
5) Replication
6) Late transcription/translation-viral structural proteins
7) Virus assembly
8) Virus release
5
Q
Describe the virus life cycle
A
- Viruses take over much of host intracellular machinery
- All viruses encode unique proteins vital for virus replication & infectivity
- These unique proteins are targets for molecular inhibition
6
Q
Describe the changes made by polymerases and in which organisms?
A
- DNA to DNA (eukaryotes & DNA viruses)
- DNA to RNA (eukaryotes & DNA viruses)
- RNA to RNA (RNA viruses)
- RNA to DNA (Retroviruses-HIV, Hep B virus)
7
Q
What is AZT?
A
- Thymidine analogue- aka Zidovudine
- Anti-cancer drug
- Inhibit HIV replication
- Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
8
Q
What are the types of NRTIs?
A
- Pyrimidine analogues (Thymidine analogues, cytosine analogues such as AZT )
- Purine analogues (Adenine &Guanidine such as Abacavir, Tenofovir)
9
Q
What is HBV?
A
- Hepititis B virus
- contains reverse transcriptase enzyme
- Tenofovir, Lamividine
10
Q
Name some newer HIV drugs
A
- Fusion inhibitor
- Integrase inhibitors
- Chemokine receptor antagonists
11
Q
What is HAART?
A
- Highly active antiretroviral therapy
- Started when CD4 falls
- taken life long
12
Q
Name a type non-NRTI
A
- Not analogues of nucleosides-non competitive inhibitors
- Efeverinz
- Nevirapine
13
Q
What drug is commonly used to treat cytomegalovirus?
A
Ganciclovir
14
Q
Protease inhibitors
A
ends in navir
15
Q
Integrase inhibitors?
A
-Rategravir
