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@Nur 181 Exam 2 > Antipsychotic agents > Flashcards

Antipsychotic agents Flashcards

1
Q 
Chlorpromazine
Fluphenazine
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Loxapine
Perphenazine
Primozide (Orap)
Prochlorperazine
Thioridazine
Thiothixene (Navane)
Trifluoperazine
A

Typical Antipsychotic agents (conventional)

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2
Q

first generation

A

typical

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3
Q

newer, novel antipsychotics

A

atypical

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4
Q

antipsychotics work by blocking post synaptic dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia, hypothalamus, limbic system, brainstem and medulla.
-varying affinity for cholingergic alpha, -adrenergic, and histaminic receptors

A

typical antipsychotics

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5
Q

possible related to inhibition of dopamine mediated transmission of neural impulses at the synapses.

A

Antipsychotic effects

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6
Q 
aripiprazole (Abilify)
asenapine (Saphris)
clozapine (Clozaril)
iloperidone (Fanapt)
lurasidone (Latuda)
olanzapine (Zyprexa)
paliperidone (Invega)
quetianpine (Seroquel)
risperidone (Risperdal)
ziprasidone (Geodon)
A

Atypical antipsychotics

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7
Q

are weaker dopamine receptors antagonists than the conventional antipsychotics, more potent antagonists of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) type 2A (5HT2A) receptors
-They also exhibit antagonisms for cholinergic, histaminic and adrenergic receptors

A

Atypicals

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8
Q

Blockage of the dopamine receptors is thought to be responsible for controlling positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
-also results in EPS side effects and prolactin elevation.

A

Antipsychotics effects

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9
Q

muscle weakness

A

akinesia

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10
Q

cont. restlessness and fidgeting

A

Akathisia

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11
Q

involuntary muscular movements (spasms) of face, arms, legs, and neck
-men and in people younger than 25 years

A

Dystonia

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12
Q

uncontrolled rolling back of the eyes

A

Oculogyric crisis

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13
Q

bizarre facial & tongue movements, stiff neck and difficulty swallowing
-more common with typical antipsychotics

A

Tardive dyskinesia

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14
Q

more common with typical than atypical antipsychotics
*rare, but fatal
routine temp and check for Parkinsonian symptoms. Muscle rigidity, high fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, fluc of bp, diaphoresis, rapid deteriation of mental status

stupor, coma

A

Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome (NMS)

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15
Q

become 1st line of therapy, and treat both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. They have a more favorable side effect profile than the conventional (typical) antipsychotics

A

Atypical antipsychotics

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16
Q

most meds have their effects @ the neuronal synapse, producing changes in neurotransmitter release and the receptors to which they bind.

A

How psychotics work

17
Q

most antidepressants work by blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters, specifically serotonin and norepinehrine

A

How most antidepressants work

18
Q

the process of neurotransmitters inactivation by which the neurotransmitters is reabsorbed into the presynaptic neuron from which it had been released.
-blocking the reuptake process allows more of the neurotransmitter to be available for neuronal transmission.

A

Reuptake

19
Q

inhibit reuptake of serotonin (5-HT)
-reduces depression, controls anxiety, controls obsessions.
side effects: nausea, agitation, headache, sexual dysfunction

A

SSRI’s

20
Q

inhibit reuptake of serotonin (5-HT), inhibits of norepinephrine (NE), blocks NE receptor blocks ACh receptor, blocks histamine (H1) receptor
-reduces depression, relief of severe pain, prevent panic attacks
side effects: sexual dysfunction, sedation, weight gain, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention, postural hypotension, and tachycardia

A

Tricyclic Antidepressants

21
Q

Increase NE & 5Ht by inhibiting the enzyme that degrades them MAO-A
Reduces depression, controls anxiety
side effects: sedation, dizziness, sex dysfunction, hypertensive crisis (interaction with tyramine)

A

MAOI’s

22
Q

inhibit reuptake of NE and dopamine D
reduces depression, aids in smoking cessation, decreases symptoms of ADHD
side effects: Insomnia, dry mouth, tremor seizures

A

Bupropion

23
Q

Benzodiazepines
binds to BZ receptor sites on the GABA receptor complex; increases receptor affinity for GABA
Relief of anxiety sedation,
side effects: Dependence (with long term use)
confusion, memory impairment, motor incoordiation

A

Antianxiety meds

24
Q

Aripiprazole=Abilify
Dopamine-serotonin system stabilizer DSS
partial agonist at Dopamine receptor & serotonin (5-HT 1A)
Acts as antagonist at Dopamine receptor in high dopamine activity.
Acts as agonist in low dopamine activity
5 HT 2A antagonist.
Unwanted side effects (EPS, weight gain, prolactin elevation, gulcose & lipid abnormalities, cardiac abnormalities, prolongation of QT interval) are not a problem with this antipsychotic! Only time will prove its efficacy. Insomnia, nausea & vomiting

A

3rd generation Antipsychotics (DSS)

25
Q

Cholorpromazine

A

Thorazine; first tricyclic antihistamine

26
Q

Butyrophenone

A

Haldol; typical antipsychotic dopamine receptor antagonists

27
Q

Blocking 5-HT serotonin receptors decreases negative symptoms and EPS

  • Serotonin inhibits dopamine release
  • Positive symptoms assoc. with hyperdopaminergic condition in limbic lobe-more
  • D2 receptors here, so D2 blocking prevails
A

5-HT seratonin receptors

28
Q 
Aripiprazole extended release (Abilify)
Fluphenazine decanoate (fluphenazine-LAI) 4 weeks
Haloperidol decanoate (haloperidol-LAI) 4 weeks
Olanzapine pamoate (Zyprexa Relprevv) 3 weeks
Paliperidone palmitate (Invega Sustenna) 4 weeks
Risperidone microspheres (Risperdo Consta) 2 weeks

Deck Shot; not compliant with oral meds
Sometimes need an oral dose in between to hold blood levels stable. Also may require more than one loading dose.

A

Long Acting Medication

@Nur 181 Exam 2 (8 decks)

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