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Ther 201 LE 3 > Antiparasitics > Flashcards

Antiparasitics Flashcards

1
Q

Examples of Protozoa

A 
plasmodium
trichomonas
amoeba
giardia
pneumocystis
toxoplasma
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2
Q

Examples of Helminths

A 
tapeworms
flukes
roundworms
pinworms
hookworms
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3
Q

Chemotherapy of Amoebiasis

A

diloxanide fuoranate
paromomycin
metronidazole

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4
Q

Chemotherapy of Malaria

A

chloroquine, primaquine, sulfadoxine+pyrimethamine, quinine, tetracycline, artemether-lumefantrin

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5
Q

Chemotherapy of Giardiasis

A

Metronidazole

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6
Q

Amoebiasis etiologic agent

A

Entamoeba hystolitica

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7
Q

common symptom of amoebiasis

A

bloody stool

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8
Q

nonpathogenic Entamoeba and its difference

A

E. dispar / microscopic.

E. hystolitica ingests RBC

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9
Q

Why is amoebiasis both over and underreported?

A

Under - infected don’t seek medical attention

Over - misdiagnosed nonpathogenic cases

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10
Q

Types of Amebicides

A

Mixed

Luminal

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11
Q

eradicate intestinal and systemic amoeba

A

Mixed

eg. Metronidazole

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12
Q

eradicate intestinal amoeba ONLY

A

Luminal

eg. Diloxonide, paramycin

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13
Q

Spectrum of Metronidazole

A 
Anaerobes
Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacilli
Gram-positive cocci
Parasites: T. vaginalis,  E. histolytica, Giardia lamblia
H. pylori
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14
Q

ADME Metronidazole

A

90-100% BA, wide distribution, 30-60% metabolized in liver to hydroxymetronidazole (60-80% bioactive), t1/2 - 5012 hours, excretoin via urine and feces (20, 6-15%)

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15
Q

Metronidazole Indication

A

anaerobic infections due to Bacteroides fragilis including those involving the CNS
Antibiotic induced pseudomembranous colitis
Bacterial vaginosis
Prophylaxis of anaerobes in colorectal and gyne surgery

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16
Q

Metronidazole ADR

A 
Nausea
Headache
dry mouth 
metallic taste
pancreatitis
ataxia
encephalopathy
seizures
17
Q

Drug Interactions Metronidazole

A

Disulfiram-like reaction when given with alcohol

18
Q

Diloxanide furoate ADR

A

flatulence, dry mouth, urticarial pruritus

19
Q

Causes of Malaria

A 
Plasmodium
P. falciparum (most common)
P. vivax
P. ovale
P. malariae
20
Q

Types of Malarial Drugs

A

Blood Schizonticide

Tissue Schizonticide

21
Q

T/F Monotherapy is advised in Malaria.

A

F! Always in combination

22
Q

Blood Schizonticide examples

A 
FQCAM
Fansidar
Quinine
Chloroquine
Artemisinin
Mefloquine
23
Q

Tissue Schizonticide examples

A

Primaquine

24
Q

not used anymore in Palawan due to reported resistance

A

Chloroquine

25
Q

reported to have caused psychiatric problem in American soldiers after prophylaxis

A

Mefloquine

26
Q

First line drugs for Malaria

A

Artemisining combination drugs

27
Q

Brain available in the Philippines for Malaria

A

Coartem (Artemether - Lumefantrine)

28
Q

Artemether MOA

A

inhibition of parasite calcium ATPase

Ther 201 LE 3 (9 decks)

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