Antimicrobic Agents (pt2) Flashcards
Usually the more concentrated a chemical or intense a physical agent, the _____ microorganisms are destroyed.
More rapidly
Are some agents more effective at lower concentrations?
Yes
What is defined as the longer a population is exposed to a microbicidal agent, the more organisms that are killed?
Duration of exposure
An increase in the temperature at which a chemical acts often _____ its activity.
Enhances
Heat kills more readily at an ____ pH.
acid
What can protect microorganisms from heating and chemical disinfectants?
Organic matter
Name the major modes of action of microbial control methods.
- Damage to cell wall
- Disrupt cytoplasmic membrane
- Inhibit synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids
- Alter functions of proteins and nucleic acids
Which microbial control method, blocks synthesis or digests it?
Damage to cell wall
Which microbial control method, provides interference with gene translation?
Inhibit synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids
Which microbial control method, inactivates or denatures functions of enzymes and nucleic acids.
Alter functions of proteins and nucleic acids
Which microbial control method, disrupts selective permeability?
Disrupt cytoplasmic membrane
What slows metabolism of microbes, but does not kill most microbes?
Refrigeration
What essentially stops metabolism, but does not kill microbes.
Freezing
What part of the microbe becomes fluid at higher temperatures?
The cell membrane
Sterilization depends on what three factors?
temperature, duration of heating, and humidity.
Which heat is more effective?: Moist or dry?
Moist heat
Does boiling kill endospores?
bacterial endospores may survive hours of boiling.
What is termed with “the burning of organic material destroys living cells”?
Incineration
What are the four methods of physical control of microorganisms
Cold temperatures, heat, radiation, filtration
What are the types of radiation used to control microbes?
Gamma, electron-beam radiation, ultraviolet
