Antimicrobials: Spectrum of Action

Question 2

Prototypical Penicillins

Answer 2

Narrow: Gram + / - Cocci, Gram + Rods, Spirochetes

Question 3

Extended Spectrum Penicillins

Answer 3

Broader than PenG/V, includes more Gram + cocci and gram (-) rods

Question 4

Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins

Answer 4

Narrow: MSSA

Question 5

Anti-Pseuodomonal Penicillin

Answer 5

Extended spectrum: Amoxcillin + pseudomonas

Question 6

Penicillin + ß lactamase inhibitor. Sulbactam is another inhibitor.

Answer 6

Same as amoxicillin, but Resists ß lactamases

Question 7

Cephalosporins: Penicillinase resistant

Answer 7

Gram (+) Cocci , Gram (-) Rods.

Question 8

Carbapenems. Beta lactamase resistant.

Answer 8

Wide Spectrum. Gram (+) cocci, Gram (-) rods, anaerobes. Reserved for multi drug resistant organisms

Question 9

Monobactams

Answer 9

Narrow: Aerobic Gram (-) Rods Only

Question 10

Vancomycin

Answer 10

Narrow: Gram (+) Cocci, Anaerobes

Question 11

Macrolides. MacroLungs

Answer 11

Gram (+) Cocci, Atypical pneumonias, URI, STD

Question 12

Lincomycin

Answer 12

Narrow: gram (+) Cocci, Anaerobes in lung abscesses and aspiration pneumonia

Question 13

Synthetic Agents

Answer 13

Meningitis + intracellular

Question 14

Streptogramins

Answer 14

Excellent gram (+) and atypical, reserve for use in MDR gram (+)

Question 15

Oxazolidinones

Answer 15

Excellent gram (+) but save as reserve for MDR organisms

Question 16

Tetracylines

Answer 16

Broad: gram (+) / (-), atypical, intracellular

Question 17

Aminoglycosides

Answer 17

Aerobic Gram (-) Rods

Question 18

Metronidazole

Answer 18

Anaerobes & Protozoa

Question 19

Fluoroquinolones. Nalidixic acid is a quinolone. Fluoroquinolones tend to end in -oxacin

Answer 19

Gram (-) , Atypical, soft tissue infections, UTI, bone

Question 20

Sulfonamides

Answer 20

Broad: gram (+) / (-), protozoa. Used for UTIs, pneumonia, otitis media, sinusitis.

Question 21

Miscellaneous

Answer 21

Medium spectrum normally used for E. Coli UTIs

Question 22

Antituberculuar Agents

Answer 22

Broad Spectrum, Meningitis, endocarditis for prosthetic valves, leprosy, TB

Question 23

Narrow spectrum antibiotics

Answer 23

• Bacitracin
• Clindamycin
• Metronidazole
• Penicillin G, V
• Penicillinase-resistant penicillins
• Vancomycin
• Monobactams
• Polymyxins, Daptomycin

Question 24

Extended Spectrum Antibiotics

Answer 24

• Aminoglycosides
• Cephalosporins
• Extended-spectrum penicillins
• Fluoroquinolones
• Carbapenems
• Macrolides
• Streptogramins

Question 25

Broad Spectrum Antibiotics

Answer 25

• Chloramphenicol
• Sulfonamides
• Tetracycline
• Trimethoprim