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FRCA Pharmacology > Antimicrobials > Flashcards

Antimicrobials Flashcards

1
Q

The following are safe to use in patients with severe penicillin allergy:
Piperacillin

A

False. Piperacillin is a penicillin.

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2
Q

The following are safe to use in patients with severe penicillin allergy:
Teicoplanin

A

True. Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide.

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3
Q

The following are safe to use in patients with severe penicillin allergy:
Cefradine

A

False. Cefradine is a cephalosporin.

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4
Q

The following are safe to use in patients with severe penicillin allergy:
Clarithromycin

A

True. Clarithromycin a macrolide.

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5
Q

The following are safe to use in patients with severe penicillin allergy:
Imipenem

A

False. Imipenem is a carbapenem.

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6
Q

The following are effective against anaerobic bacteria:

Imipenem

A

True. Imipenem covers a very broad spectrum of bacteria including some anaerobes.

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7
Q

The following are effective against anaerobic bacteria:

Metronidazole

A

True. Metronidazole only covers anaerobes and parasites.

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8
Q

The following are effective against anaerobic bacteria:

Trimethoprim

A

False.

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9
Q

The following are effective against anaerobic bacteria:

Aztreonam

A

False. Aztreonam is a monobactam with no useful activity against anaerobes or gram-positive organisms; it covers a wide range of gram-negative bacteria

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10
Q

The following are effective against anaerobic bacteria:

Vancomycin

A

False

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11
Q

The following antibiotics are bactericidal:

Piperacillin

A

True.

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12
Q

The following antibiotics are bactericidal:

Cefotaxime

A

True.

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13
Q

The following antibiotics are bactericidal:

Imipenem

A

True.

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14
Q

The following antibiotics are bactericidal:

Clindamycin

A

False. Clindamycin is a bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic

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15
Q

The following antibiotics are bactericidal:

Rifampicin

A

True.

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16
Q

Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics and their mechanism of action are true?
Benzylpenicillin inhibits cell wall synthesis

A

True

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17
Q

Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics and their mechanism of action are true?
Ceftriaxone binds to the ribosomal subunit to halt bacterial protein synthesis

A

False. Cephalosporins, including Ceftriaxone, inhibit cell wall synthesis as do all �-lactam antibiotics. Their �-lactam ring binds to proteins and prevents peptidoglycan cross-linkage in the bacterial cell-wall thus weakening it.

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18
Q

Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics and their mechanism of action are true?
Gentamicin arrests bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal RNA subunit

A

True.

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19
Q

Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics and their mechanism of action are true?
Ciprofloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase

A

True.

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20
Q

Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics and their mechanism of action are true?
Rifampicin inhibits cell wall synthesis

A

False. Rifampicin binds to the �-subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, preventing bacterial protein synthesis.

21
Q

The following antibiotics can be used in the treatment of MRSA:
Clindamycin

22
Q

The following antibiotics can be used in the treatment of MRSA:
Imipenem

A

False. Carbapenems do not cover MRSA.

23
Q

The following antibiotics can be used in the treatment of MRSA:
Vancomycin

A

True.
Examples of agents that cover MRSA include: Meropenem, Ciprofloxacin, Vancomycin, Clindamycin, Fusidic acid and Teicopleinin.

24
Q

The following antibiotics can be used in the treatment of MRSA:
Flucloxacillin

25
Q

The following antibiotics can be used in the treatment of MRSA:
Gentamicin

26
Q

The following can be used to treat clostridium difficile infection:
Ciprofloxacin

A

False. Ciprofloxacin is thought to increase susceptibility to C.difficile infection.

27
Q

The following can be used to treat clostridium difficile infection:
Vancomycin

A

True. Metronidazole & Vancomycin are commonly used to treat c.difficile.

28
Q

The following can be used to treat clostridium difficile infection:
Metronidazole

29
Q

The following can be used to treat clostridium difficile infection:
Meropenem

30
Q

The following can be used to treat clostridium difficile infection:
Rifampicin

31
Q

The following antibiotics provide good gram-negative cover:

Vancomycin

A

False. Vancomycin provides only very limited gram-negative cover.

32
Q

The following antibiotics provide good gram-negative cover:

Gentamicin

33
Q

The following antibiotics provide good gram-negative cover:

Ciprofloxacin

34
Q

The following antibiotics provide good gram-negative cover:

Aztreonam

A

True. Aztreonam provides gram-negative aerobic cover only.

35
Q

The following antibiotics provide good gram-negative cover:

Metronidazole

A

False. Metronidazole is effective solely against anaerobes and parasites.

36
Q

Regarding antifungals:

Amphotericin B acts by creating pores in the fungal cell membrane

37
Q

Regarding antifungals:

Miconazole is absorbed well orally

A

False. All azoles are well absorbed orally except Miconazole which is given intravenously.

38
Q

Regarding antifungals:

Amphotericin B can be administered orally

A

False. Amphotericin B is only administered intravenously.

39
Q

Regarding antifungals:

Azoles work by affecting fungal ergosterol synthesis

40
Q

Regarding antifungals:

Dose adjustment of ketoconazole is required in patients with renal failure

A

False. Ketoconazole is metabolised in the liver and inactive metabolites are excreted in the bile, hence no dose adjustment is required in renal failure.

41
Q

The following statements are true regarding antimicrobial agents:
Fusidic acid causes red discolouration of body fluids

A

False. Rifampicin causes red discolouration of body fluids.

42
Q

The following statements are true regarding antimicrobial agents:
The effects of non-depolarising muscle relaxants can be prolonged by the use of aminoglycoside antibiotics

A

True. Aminoglycosides increase potency of NDMRs by decreasing pre-junctional release of ACh and reducing the sensitivity of post-junctional receptors to ACh.

43
Q

The following statements are true regarding antimicrobial agents:
Tetracycline can cause discolouration of teeth in children

44
Q

The following statements are true regarding antimicrobial agents:
Metronidazole causes Red Man Syndrome?

A

False. Vancomycin causes histamine release and associated symptoms including widespread rash known as Red Man Syndrome.

45
Q

The following antibiotics are significantly sensitive to beta-lactamases produced by bacteria:
Erythromycin

A

False. Erythromycin is a macrolide and hence not sensitive to �-lactamases.

46
Q

The following antibiotics are significantly sensitive to beta-lactamases produced by bacteria:
Meropenem

47
Q

The following antibiotics are significantly sensitive to beta-lactamases produced by bacteria:
Flucloxacillin

48
Q

The following antibiotics are significantly sensitive to beta-lactamases produced by bacteria:
Piperacillin

49
Q

The following antibiotics are significantly sensitive to beta-lactamases produced by bacteria:
Benzylpenicillin

FRCA Pharmacology (13 decks)

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