Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Infection And Clinical Practice > Antimicrobials 3 - Specific Therapy > Flashcards

Antimicrobials 3 - Specific Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the only pathogen to cause bacterial meningitis in the young and old that is not covered by cefotaxime?

A

Listeria monocytogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is given alongside cefotaxime in bacterial meningitis to cover listeria infection?

A

Amoxicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do cephalosporins have limited activity against? How do we combat this?

A

Anaerobes e.g. In an abdominal infection

Give concurrent metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are all enterococci resistant to?

A

Cephalosporins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which is the only antibiotic that pseudomonas is sensitive to? (Oral)

A

Ciprofloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If clinically and/or microbiologically indicated which antibiotic should be given first line for an acute sore throat?

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin (pen V)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If clinically indicated, what antibiotic should be given first line for acute OM?

A

Amoxicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Alternatives to penicillin for URTIs?

A

Macrolides - clarithromycin for sore throat, erythromycin for OM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antibiotic choice for acute COPD exacerbation?

A

Amoxicillin, doxycycline or clarithromycin

Co-amoxyclav if severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What antibiotic for CAP with CURB65

A

Amoxicillin, doxycycline or clarithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What should be done for a severe CAP with CURB65 > 1?

A

Admit to hospital, oral amox + clarithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is first line for uncomplicated UTIs? Stipulations?

A

Trimethoprim

Not in kids or pregnant/breastfeeding women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What steps should be taken if first line treatment fails for UTI? Alternative Abs?

A

Re-culture urine

Nitrofurantoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

First line treatment for uncomplicated UTI in pregnancy?

A

Cefalexin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

First and second line treatments for acute pyelonephritis?

A

Ciprofloxacin

Co-amoxyclav

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can be given for multi-cause or highly resistant UTIs?

A

Tazocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What drug can be given if necessary for C Diff first line? Second line?

A

Metronidazole

Vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What gen of cephalosporin is cefotaxime and what is it specifically indicated for?

A

3rd gen to treat bacterial meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Recommended treatment for gonorrhoea?

A

Ceftriaxone IM and azithromycin single dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the daily alternative to ceftriaxone/azithromycin for gonorrhoea?

A

Ciprofloxacin/ofloxacin daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the one-off PO alternative to ceftriaxone IM in gonorrhoea?

A

Cefixime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Recommended treatment for chlamydia?

A

Doxycycline for 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the one-off alternative to doxycycline for chlamydia?

A

Azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the treatment (if required) for BV?

A

Metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Treatment options for candidiasis?

A

Clotrimazole pessary

Single dose fluconazole

26
Q

Treatment for trichomonas infection?

A

Metronidazole

27
Q

Treatment option if necessary for HSV genital ulcer infection?

A

Aciclovir

28
Q

Treatment for Syphillis?

A

Benzathine penicillin injection

29
Q

Alternative to benzathine penicillin for Syphillis?

A

Doxycycline

30
Q

What is the home treatment for genital warts?

A

Podophyllotoxin

31
Q

Empirical Rx for acute IE of unknown cause?

A

Vancomycin plus gentamicin (to cover s. Aureus)

32
Q

What can be given for common causes of IE that are proven to be susceptible to penicillin?

A

Amoxicillin plus gentamicin

33
Q

Generally what needs to be given alongside a cell wall disrupter in IE?

A

Gentamicin - protein synthesis inhibitor

34
Q

Rx for atypical pneumonia?

A

Amoxicillin or a macrolide

35
Q

Rx for acute mastoiditis?

A

Co-amoxyclav or 3rd gen cephalosporin

36
Q

Rx for cellulitis/erysipelas?

A

Flucloxacillin (covers BHS A (strep pyogenes) and in theory s. Aureus)

37
Q

Medical Rx for nec fasc?

A

Meropenem + clindamycin

38
Q

What antibiotic is used in MRSA infection and what class is it?

A

Vancomycin - a glycopeptide

39
Q

Rx for acute osteomyelitis?

A

Usually s aureus, GAS, s pneumoniae so use flucloxacillin +/- rifampicin

40
Q

What can be given for pneumococcal meningitis if penicillin resistant strain or penicillin allergy?

A

Vancomycin

41
Q

Rx for bacterial meningitis if B lactam allergy?

A

IV chloramphenicol

42
Q

Risk of giving IV chloramphenicol for bacterial meningitis (B lactam allergy)?

A

Agranulocytosis - grey baby syndrome

43
Q

What is the specific treatment for HSV encephalitis?

A

IV aciclovir

44
Q

What can be given for aggressive CMV meningitis in an immunocompromised patient?

A

Ganciclovir

45
Q

Prophylaxis for close contacts of bacterial meningitis?

A

Ciprofloxacin or Rifampicin

46
Q

Antibiotic Rx for acute osteomyelitis?

A

Usually s aureus, GAS or s pneumoniae

So flucloxacillin and Rifampicin

47
Q

Recommended Rx for septic arthritis?

A

Flucloxacillin + Rifampicin

48
Q

What is the general treatment for an infection likely to be caused by s aureus or strep?

A

Flucloxacillin + Rifampicin

49
Q

General principles of management for infective endocarditis?

A

Wait for culture and sensitivity before commencing specific treatment - can usually wait

50
Q

Rx for epiglottitis in relation to its most likely causes?

A

Ceftriaxone (GAS or haemophilus influenzae b)

Chloramphenicol IV if true penicillin allergy

51
Q

Rx for quinsy?

A

Co-amoxyclav

52
Q

What is the Rx for otitis media if required?

A

Amoxicillin

53
Q

Rx for oral candidiasis?

A

Nystatin suspension

54
Q

Rx for gastroenteritis?

A

Normally viral. Non-campylobacter only treated if systemic illness -> ciprofloxacin
If severe campylobacter infection give erythromycin

55
Q

Rx for biliary tract infections?

A

Co-amoxiclav +/- gentamicin single dose

56
Q

Is co-amoxiclav effective against anaerobes?

A

YES - suitable for many GI infections where anaerobes likely to be implicated

57
Q

Rx for peritonitis or abdominal abscess?

A

Co-amoxiclav + stat Gentamicin

58
Q

What is gentamicin used to cover?

A

Infection by gram negative bacteria

59
Q

Rx for infection in neutropenic patients?

A

Tazocin +/- gentamicin

Alternatively ciprofloxacin + teicoplanin ; metronidazole if anaerobics

60
Q

Rx for GBS bacteruria in pregnant women not in labour?

A

Pen V (phenoxymethylpenicillin) oral

Infection And Clinical Practice (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions