Antimicrobial Mechanisms

Question 1

Bind transpeptidase in bacterial cell wall blocking cell wall formation

Answer 1

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Monobactams

Question 2

Binds penicillin-binding protein–> blocking the last step of transpeptidation and synthesis of the cell wall.

Answer 2

Carbapenems.

Question 3

Bind 30s subunit of the ribosome and inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.

bactericidal

Answer 3

Aminoglycosides

Question 4

Reversibly bind the 30s ribosomal subunit and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

Bacterialstatic

Answer 4

Tetracyclines

Question 5

Reversibly bind the 50s ribosomal subunit and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

bacterialstatic

Answer 5

Macrolides

Question 6

Reversibly bind the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

Bacterial static

Answer 6

Lincosamides

Question 7

Inhibit DNA gyrase resulting in bacterial DNA damage

Static

Answer 7

Fluoroquinolones

Question 8

Bind to D-Ala-D-Ala terminal residue in a growing peptidoglycan chain inhibiting cell wall formation.

Bacterialcidal

Answer 8

Glycopeptides (vancomycin)

Question 9

Irreversibly binds bacterial cell membrane resulting in calcium-dependent membrane insertion.—> rapid depolarization of cell membrane followed by potassium efflux which destroys ion concentration gradient leading to cell death.

Answer 9

Daptomycin

Question 10

Inhibits the formation of tetrahydrofolate in bacteria inhibiting purine synthesis

static/cidal

Answer 10

Bactrim

Question 11

Reduces to a toxic intermediate which produces damage with bacterial DNA

cidal

Answer 11

Metronidazole

Question 12

Inhibits protein synthesis at the ribosomal 50S subunit

static

Answer 12

Linezolid