Antifungals Flashcards
What classification of drug is amphotericin B?
polyene
What drug is isolated from streptococcus nodosus?
amphotericin B
What does it mean to be “amphoteric”?
soluble in both basic and acidic environments
insoluble in water
MOA of amphotericin B
binds to ergosterol
What is amphotericin active against?
broad spectrum antfungal
active against molds and yeasts
In what form is amphotericin B given?
IV
Amphotericin has good ________ penetration
intrathecal
AE of amphotericin B
Nephrotoxicity
K, Mg, Bicarb wasting
What category of drug is flucytosine?
antifungal
Flucytosine is active against candida species except __________
C. krusei
Flucytosine is synergistic with what other antifunga?
amphotericin B
Under what circumstances is resistance to flucytosine common?
when it is used as monotherapy
What are the possible toxicities of flucytosine?
bone marrow suppresion
hepatotoxicity
enterocolitis
Ketoconazoles are __________ against non-albicans candida and aspergillus
not active
What environment is required for ketoconazole to be effective?
acidic
What is a major AE of ketoconazole?
inhibition of testosterone
MOA of triazoles
inhibits 14-a-sterol demethylase enzyme
essentially it shuts off ergosterol
When taking a triazole, you may want to monitor what lab value?
LFTs
In what patients are triazoles contraindicated?
CHF
What are griseofulvin and nystatin used for?
superficial mycotic infections
