Antifungals Flashcards
Antifungal drugs target:
a. Ergosterol synthesis
b. Cell wall synthesis
c. Cell division
d. Nucleic acid synthesis
e. All of the above
e. All of the above
T/F Ergosterol is a vital part of the cell membranes of fungi but not found in the cell membranes of humans
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Drugs targeting Ergosterol include:
a. Polyenes
b. Azoles
c. Allylamines
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Amphotericin B is the drug of choice for most systemic fungal infections because it:
a. Binds ergosterol
b. inhibits B-1,3 glucan synthesis
c. inhibits fungal protein synthesis
d. all of the above
a. Binds ergosterol
Polyene
Nyastatin is used to treat oral & esophageal infections along with vaginal candidiasis because it:
a. Binds ergosterol
b. inhibits B-1,3 glucan synthesis
c. inhibits fungal protein synthesis
d. all of the above
a. Binds ergosterol
Polyene
Amphotericin B is known to have which of these adverse side effects?
a. Renal toxicity
b. chills & fever
c. phlebitis (inflammation of vein)
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Azoles are:
a. chemically synthesized drugs that inhibit cytochrom P450 14a-demtheylase
b. inhibits B-1,3 glucan synthesis
c. inhibits fungal protein synthesis
d. all of the above
a. chemically synthesized drugs that inhibit cytochrom P450 14a-demtheylase
ergesterol
Ketoconazol is used for:
a. chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
b. Karenia brevis
c. your mom
d. all of the above
a. chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
Imidazole
ergesterol
Miconazole and Clotrimazole are used to treat:
a. cutaneous candidiasis
b. tinea versicolar
c. dermatophytosis
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Imidazole
ergesterol
Fluconazole is used to treat:
a. cutaneous candidiasis
b. vaginal candidiasis
c. cryptomeningitis
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Triazole
ergesterol
Itraconazole is used to treat:
a. chromoblastomycosis
b. histoplasmosis
c. coccidiomycosis
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Triazole
ergesterol
Posaconazole is used to treat:
a. candida
b. aspergillus
c. none of the above
d. both a & b
d. both a & b
Triazole
ergesterol
Naftifine is an_____ and is used to treat_____
a. allyamine; dermatophyte infections
b. azole; dermatophyte infections
c. polyene; dermatophyte infections
d. none of the above
a. allyamine; dermatophyte infections
terbinafine is an_____ and is used to treat_____
a. allyamine; dermatophyte infections
b. azole; dermatophyte infections
c. polyene; dermatophyte infections
d. none of the above
a. allyamine; dermatophyte infections
Caspofungin, an Echinocandin is used to treat Candida & Aspergillus because it:
a. chemically synthesizes drugs that inhibit cytochrom P450 14a-demtheylase
b. inhibits B-1,3 glucan synthesis
c. inhibits fungal protein synthesis
d. all of the above
b. inhibits B-1,3 glucan synthesis
Griseofulvin (oral) targets____ and is active against____.
a. cell division; ringworm of skin, nails, or hair
b. ergesterol; ringworm of skin, nails, or hair
c. nucleic acid synthesis; ringworm of skin, nails, or hair
d. none of the above
a. cell division; ringworm of skin, nails, or hair
Flucytosine is effective against candidiasis & cryptococcosis (used syn w/amphotericin B) because it:
a. chemically synthesizes drugs that inhibit cytochrom P450 14a-demtheylase
b. inhibits B-1,3 glucan synthesis
c. inhibits fungal protein synthesis
d. all of the above
c. inhibits fungal protein synthesis
replaces uracil w/ 5-flurouracil in fungal RNA
Metronidazole is activated by anaerobic metabolism, interferes with electron transport & alters DNA. It is used to treat:
a. Entamoeba histolytica
b.Giardia lambia
c. Trichomonas vaginalis
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Chloroquine prevents crystallization of heme in RBC; thus, it is active against:
a. Plasmodium vivax
b. Plasmodium ovale
c. Plasmodium malariae
d. Plasmodium falciparum
e. all of the above
e. all of the above
Erythrocytic cycle (acute malaria)
Amodiaquine is active against
a. Plasmodium vivax
b. Plasmodium ovale
c. Plasmodium malariae
d. Plasmodium falciparum
e. all of the above
e. all of the above
except chloroquine-resistant P.falciparum
Erythrocytic cycle (acute malaria)
T/F Mefloquine is the most effective erythrocytic cycle anti-malarial drug and is effective as prophylaxis.
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Primaquine-Sulfadoxine is used to treat:
a. chloroquine-resistant P.falciparum
b. Plasmodium vivax
c. Plasmodium ovale
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Exo-erythrocytic cycle (persistent malaria)
T/F Artimisinin generates free radicals w/in parasite that damage membrane
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Suramin and Melarsoprol can be used to treat:
a. Trypanosomia cruzi
b. Trypanosomia brucei
c. Exophiala werneckii
d. all of the above
b. Trypanosomia brucei
Nifurtimox and Benzonidaxole canbe used to treat:
a. Trypanosomia cruzi
b. Trypanosomia brucei
c. Exophiala werneckii
d. all of the above
a. Trypanosomia cruzi
Mebendazole, thiabendazole, albendazole, Pyrantel pamoate, Piperazine are used to paralyze:
a. Ascaris lumbricoides
b. Necator americanus
c. Enterobius vermicularis
d. Trichuric trichiura
e. Strongyloides stercoralis
f. all of the above
f. all of the above
T/F Algae do not directly infect humans
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chlorophytes are:
a. green algae
b. red algae
c. golden brown algae & diatomes
d. brown algae
a. green algae
Rhodophyta are:
a. green algae
b. red algae
c. golden brown algae & diatomes
d. brown algae
b. red algae
Chrysophyta are:
a. green algae
b. red algae
c. golden brown algae & diatomes
d. brown algae
c. golden brown algae & diatomes
Phaeophyta are:
a. green algae
b. red algae
c. golden brown algae & diatomes
d. brown algae
d. brown algae
Microscopic algae are propelled by:
a. cilia
b. flagella
c. free-floating
d. pseudopods
e. all of the above
f. only b & c
f. only b & c
Macroscopic algae have which of these specialized structures:
a. blades
b. bladders
c. stipe
d. holdfast
e. all of the above
f. only a & b
e. all of the above
Algae’s cell wall is mostly composed of cellulose and contains carrageen & agar. Their cell structures include:
a. nucleus
b. chloroplasts
c. mitochondria
d. all of the above
e. only a & b
d. all of the above
Algae asexually reproduce by:
a. binary fission
b. fragmentation
c. meiosis
d. only a & b
d. only a & b
Karenia brevis is responsible for:
a. algal blooms in Texas coast from Aug-Feb; and produces brevetoxin
b. algal blooms in East coast; and produces brevetoxin
c. algal blooms in Texas coast from Aug-Feb; and produces saxitoxin, gonyautoxins; “paralytic shellfish poisoning”
d. algal blooms in East coast; and produces saxitoxin, gonyautoxins; “paralytic shellfish poisoning”
a. algal blooms in Texas coast from Aug-Feb; and produces brevetoxin
Gonyaulax species, specifically Alexandrium fundynese is responsible for:
a. algal blooms in Texas coast from Aug-Feb; and produces brevetoxin
b. algal blooms in East coast; and produces brevetoxin
c. algal blooms in Texas coast from Aug-Feb; and produces saxitoxin, gonyautoxins; “paralytic shellfish poisoning”
d. algal blooms in East coast; and produces saxitoxin, gonyautoxins; “paralytic shellfish poisoning”
d. algal blooms in East coast; and produces saxitoxin, gonyautoxins; “paralytic shellfish poisoning”
Dimorphic fungi can exist as either:
a. Bacillus or coccus
b. Yeast or mold
c. Enveloped or naked
d. Gram positive or negative
b. Yeast or mold
