ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS: OTHER

Question 1

Acarbose MOA

Answer 1

Acts as an inhibitor of intestinal alpha glucosidases
Delays the digestion and absorption of starch and sucrose; it has a small but significant effect in lowering blood glucose.

Question 2

Acarbose SEs

Answer 2

Flatulence
Diarrhoea can occur which may need the dose to be reduced or the medicine withdrawn.
Other: soft stools, abdominal distension and pain.

Question 3

Acarbose- Counselling patients

Answer 3

Flatulence can lead to non-adherence
Advise pt that it decreases with time
Antacids unlikely yo be beneficial for treating SEs
Tablets should be chewed with first mouthful of food or swallowed whole with a little liquid immediately before food
Carry glucose for HYPO

Question 4

Meglitides examples

Answer 4

Nateglinide (only with metformin) or repaglinide

Question 5

Meglitides MOA

Answer 5

Rapid-acting secretagogue (stimulates insulin secretion) from pancreas when blood glucose levels are at their highest and not at fasting levels

Question 6

Meglitides SEs

Answer 6

hypoglycaemia
hypersensitivity reactions such as pruritus and rashes
abdominal pain
diarrhoea
constipation
N+V
visual disruebances (repaglitinide)

Question 7

Counselling points meglitinides

Answer 7

Each dose should be taken 30
before main meals

Question 8

Stress exposure with meglitinides

Answer 8

Interrupt treatment and replace with insulin