Antidepressant Drugs (Week 5)

Question 1

what is the Monoamine theory of
Depression

Answer 1

Antidepressants increase
monoaminergic tone within
hours, but therapeutic effects
do not appear for weeks

Question 2

what is the Neurogenic Theory of Depression?

Answer 2

1. Neurons can repair themselves
2. New neurons are constantly being made (neurogenesis)

Question 3

how do antidepressant drugs work?

Answer 3

• Antidepressant drugs increase the brain’s ability to protect neurons (both old and new)
• Increase neural density
• Therapeutic effect time course mirrors the time required for newly formed neurons to become functional.

Question 4

what are the First-Generation Antidepressants?

Answer 4

tricyclics, MAOIs

Question 5

what is a risk of tricyclics?

Answer 5

Cardiotoxic in large doses; Risk of OD

Question 6

what negative side effect do MAOIs have?

Answer 6

the wine and cheese effect; increases BP.

Question 7

true or false, MAOIs are available transdermally?

Answer 7

true (selegiline)

Question 8

what is a side effect of maprotiline (Ludiomil)

Answer 8

epileptogenic

Question 9

what is a positive effect of amoxapine (Ascendin)?

Answer 9

Better than TCAs at relieving anxiety and behavioral agitation

Question 10

what is a side effect of amoxapine (Ascendin)?

Answer 10

Blocks DA receptors – can induce Parkinsonian-like EPS

Question 11

what is a side effect of trazadone?

Answer 11

Heavy sedative effects; primarily used as a hypnotic

Question 12

what is clomipramine (Anafranil) used for?

Answer 12

Used to treat anxiety and pain as well as depression, particularly OCD and Panic Disorder

Question 13

what are some of the side effects of SSRI’s?

Answer 13

withdrawal symptoms, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome.

Question 14

which was the first SSRI?

Answer 14

fluoxetine (Prozac)

Question 15

what is a risk of setraline (Zoloft)?

Answer 15

Higher risk of serotonin syndrome and withdrawal syndrome

Question 16

what are some cons of taking fluvoxamine (Luvox)?

Answer 16

Shortest half-life of all SSRIs

Inhibits CYP1A2, which is increased by
elements of tobacco smoke; smokers
may require a higher dose to
experience therapeutic effects

Question 17

what is a side effect of SNRIs?

Answer 17

they are analgesics; increased risk for severe liver damage

Question 18

what other diagnosis are SNRIs approved for?

Answer 18

fibromyalgia

Question 18

what is a precaution for duloxetine (Cymbalta)?

Answer 18

Not recommended for bipolar pxts; may induce mania

Question 19

what is a risk of taking SNRI’s?

Answer 19

risk for suicide

Question 20

what are some positive effects of tetracyclics?

Answer 20

Increased appetite/weight gain
very few sexual side effects

Question 21

Which neurotransmitters are affected by amitriptyline?

Answer 21

NE, ACh, 5-HT

Question 22

Venlafaxine is a/an

Answer 22

SNRI

Question 23

The tricyclic antidepressants differ from Prozac and Zoloft in that they also have major effects on ________________.

Answer 23

norepinephrine

Question 24

The neurogenic theory of depression stems from recent findings that in the mature brain

Answer 24

neurons are capable of being repaired and produced

Question 25

First-generation tricyclic antidepressants are defined by a commonality in basic

Answer 25

molecular structure

Question 26

What type of antidepressant is amitriptyline?

Answer 26

TCA

Question 27

Impairment of memory is a side effect clearly associated with the use of

Answer 27

TCAs

Question 28

Compared to SSRIs, TCAs are:

Answer 28

Equally effective, but have different side effects

Question 29

An SNRI would be a good treatment choice for someone

Answer 29

with MDD and pain

Question 30

If an SSRI is taken in conjunction with an MAOI, the levels of 5-HT can become dangerously high leading to ___________________.

Answer 30

serotonin syndrome.