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Phar 504 > Antibody Structure and Function > Flashcards

Antibody Structure and Function Flashcards

1
Q

immune response

A

stimulation of lymphocytes to divide and produce plasma cells that secrete polyclonal antibodies that bind to the immunogen

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2
Q

T/F: Fab has only a heavy chain, Fc has both light and heavy chains

A

False: Fab= anitgen binding, both light and heavy chains/ Fc= receptor binding, only heavy chain

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3
Q

What are the five different types of heavy chains

A

α (alpha) γ (gamma) δ (delta) ε (epsilon) μ (mu)

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4
Q

What are the two different types of light chains

A

λ (lambda) κ (kappa)

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5
Q

What are the five isotypes of immunoglobulins

A

IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD

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6
Q

What is the predominant immunoglobulin in blood/lymph, what is the percentage

A

IgG (15%)

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7
Q

Which immunoglobulin is used for passive immunization by transfer of antibodies

A

IgG

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8
Q

What are the functions of IgG

A

Agglutination, Opsonization, Fc reigon stimulates NK cells in cell mediated cytotoxicity, Fc reigon activates complement proteins (lysing bacteria), neutralize certain toxins (teatnus, botulinus, snake venom), crosses placenta

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9
Q

Which immunglobulin is pentameric, how many epitopes can it bind

A

IgM,5

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10
Q

What are the functions of IgM

A

Agglutination- quite effeicent due to polyvalency aiding in agglutination, isohemagglutinins- responsible for ABO blood types, activates complement

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11
Q

How long does the primary response take

A

10 days

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12
Q

How long does the secondary response take

A

3 days

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13
Q

Which of the two responses has a stronger and faster response, which antibody is made more in the stronger response

A

Secondary response, IgG

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14
Q

Which antibody is mostly in secretions, mucous membranes

A

IgA

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15
Q

T/F: IgA has a monomeric serum form that has two alpha H chains with no known biological function

A

True

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16
Q

What are the functions of IgA

A

Main defense against local infections, does NOT activate compliment, efficient in agglutination (good against viruses)

17
Q

Which immunoglobulins are monomeric

A

IgG,IgD,IgE

18
Q

What are the functions of IgD

A

No known functions

19
Q

T/F: IgE is co-expressed with IgM

A

False: IgD

20
Q

What is the function of IgE

A

causes the allergic reaction, high affinity to mast cells and basophils, crosslinking stimulates histamine release and prostaglandins while mediating inflammation

21
Q

T/F: The heavy and light chains are composed of variable and constant reigons

A

True

22
Q

The variable light chain (Vl) for Kappa is coded by which gene segments, how many of each gene is there and what are the total possible combinations

A

V and J, 40 for V and 5 for J, 200

23
Q

The variable light chain (Vl) for Lambda is coded by which gene segments, how many of each is there and what are the total possible combinations

A

V and J, 40 for V and 4 for J, 160

24
Q

What are the segments that code for the CDR in the heavy chain

A

D and J

25
Q

Antigen-Driven Affinity Maturation

A

antigen stimulation causes clonal expansion and triggers processes that change CDRs of stimulated B-cells, enlarge antibody variety.specificity and B cell response

26
Q

How are IgM and IgD produced together

A

alternative splicing

27
Q

immunoglobulin class switching (isotype switching)

A

the constant-reigon portion of the antibody heavy chain is changed but the variable reason stays the same, does not affect antigen specificity but interacts with different effectors

28
Q

S region

A

switch sequence in immunoglobulin class switching

29
Q

T/F: S reigon is only in light chains

A

False: S reigon is only in heavy chains

30
Q

In isotype switching what is the first step

A

An antigen is taken up by a B cell and processed

31
Q

Which MHC class molecule presents a processed antigen to helper T cells

A

MHC Class II

32
Q

What are the original antibodies made and what are the antibodies produced when production is switched

A

IgM and IgD, IgG and IgA, and IgE

33
Q

IgG1 function

A

most abundant, respons to protein antigens

34
Q

IgG2 function

A

bacterial capsular polysaccharide

35
Q

IgG3 function

A

activator of pro-inflammatory responses by triggering the classical complement pathway

36
Q

IgG4 function

A

is the least abundant, often generated following repeated exposure to the same antigen or persistent infections

Phar 504 (34 decks)

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