antibodies Flashcards

1
Q

what is the structure of antibodies

A

4 polypeptides
- 2 heavy chains - make up the Y shape
- 2 light chains - attached to the outside of the Y shape \/
Y shaped molecule
flexible + varied -

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2
Q

what is the role of antibodies

A
  1. bind + inactivate foreign substances - pathogens + toxins
  2. activate the complement system to destroy bacterial cells by lysis
  3. binding of Fc receptors
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3
Q

what Is the acute phase response

A

-C-reactive protein is produced by the liver in response to inflammation

-a high CRP in the blood is a marker of inflammation

-caused by a wide variety of conditions from infection to cancer

-high CRP can also indicate inflammation on the heart

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4
Q

IgG functions

A

immunity to newborns
secreted into blood + removes pathogens from blood + tissues
neutralisation of toxins
IgG3 binds to Fc receptor by Phagocytosis

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5
Q

IgM functions

A

activates classical pathway
acts as an opsonin

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6
Q

IgA

A

secretory antibody - protect against mucosal membranes
effective against influenza virus
>–< structure - two joined via joining protein

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7
Q

IgD

A

activates B cells
a receptor for antigen binding

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8
Q

IgE

A

binds to Fc receptor on eosinophils and mast cells — tissues
release histamines
involved in allergies/asthma

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9
Q

what chemicals do eosinophils produce

A
  • peroxidase,
  • ribonuclease,
  • deoxyribonuclease,
  • lipase, plasminogen,
  • major basic protein to damage parasites
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