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Hailey - Neuro > Antibiotics for CNS Infections > Flashcards

Antibiotics for CNS Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Antibacterials

A 
Ceftriazone
Penicillin
Amocicillin, Ampicillin
Aztreonam
Vancomycin
Rifampin
Gentamicin, Amikacin
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2
Q

Antivirals

A

Acyclovir, Gancyclovir

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3
Q

Antifungals

A

Amphotericin B
Flucytosine 5-FC
Fluconazole

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4
Q

Antimycobacteria

A

Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol

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5
Q

Ceftriaxone

A

3rd generation cephalosporin
CELL WALL INHIBITOR
binds to penicillin binding proteins
N. gonnorrhoeae conjunctivitis

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6
Q

Ceftriazone Tx options

A

EMPIRIC treatment of BACTERIAL MENINGITIS: Ceftriaxone and vancomycin
DEFINITIVE/PROPHYLACTIC treatment of Neisseria meningitis
EMPIRIC treatment of BRAIN ABSCESS: Ceftriazone and metronidazole

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7
Q

Penicillin

A

CELL WALL INHIBITOR
binds to penicillin binding proteins
high levels beta-lactam antibiotics in CNS block binding of GBA to receptors –> tissue becomes more excitable and prone to seizures
GRAM POSITIVE ONLY

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8
Q

Penicillin Tx

A

INTRAPARTUM PROPHYLAXIS for streptococcus agalactiae (STREP B)

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9
Q

Amoxicillin

A

CELL WALL INHIBITOR
binds to penicillin bidnging proteins
add clavulanate to inactivate enzymatic degradation by beta-lactamases

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10
Q

Amoxicillin Tx

A

Otitis media and sinusitis

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11
Q

Ampicillin

A

CELL WALL INHIBITOR

binds to penicillin binding proteins

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12
Q

Ampicillin Tx

A

Ampicillin + Gentamicin: Listeria monocytogenes meningitis

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13
Q

Aztreonam

A

CELL WALL INHIBITOR

binds to penicillin binding proteins

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14
Q

Aztreonam Tx

A

EMPIRIC treatment of MENINGITIS if beta-lactam allergy: Aztreonam + Vancomycin

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15
Q

Vancomycin

A

CELL WALL INHIBITOR
binds to the D-ala-D-ala shielding it from the transpeptidation reaction**
GRAM POSITIVE

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16
Q

Vancomycin Tx

A

MRSA

EMPIRIC treatment of meningitis with ceftriaxone

17
Q

Rifampin

A

INHIBITS DNAd-RNApol

increases P-450 levels decreasing activity of other drugs

18
Q

Rifampin Tx

A

PROPHYLAXIS Meningoccal for H. influenza type B and Mycobacterium tuberulcolosis

19
Q

Gentamicin, Amikacin

A

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR
binds 30S ribosomal subunit
oxotoxicity

20
Q

Gentamicin, Amikacin Tx

A

Listeria monocytogenes meningitis: Gentamicin + Ampicillin

21
Q

Acyclovir, Gancyclovir

A

INHIBITS VIRAL DNA POLYMERASE AND LEADS TO CHIAN TERMINATION
prodrugs must be phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase leading to its selectivity
not effective against latent virus

22
Q

Acyclovir, Gancyclovir Tx

A

HSV-1
HSV-2 (Acyclovir)
CMV (Gancyclovir)

23
Q

Amphotericin B

A

DISRUPTS PLASMA MEMBRANES ALLOWING LEAKAGE OF ELECTROLYTES
lipsomal form enters CNS
nephrotoxic

24
Q

Flucytosin (5-FU)

A

DNA SYNTHESIS INHIBIOR CONVERSION TO 5-fluorouracil

25
Q

Flucytosin (5-FU) Tx

A

Flucytosin + amphotericin B: Cryptococcus, Candida inf

26
Q

Fluconazole

A

DECREASES ERGOSTEROL SYNTHESIS

27
Q

Fluconazole Tx

A

Candida

28
Q

Isoniazid

A

MYCOLIC ACID INHIBITOR

difference in drug half-life depending on the pt is fast or slow acetylator

29
Q

Ethambutol

A

CELL WALL INHIBITOR

binds arabinosyl transferase

Hailey - Neuro (10 decks)

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