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Foundations of Medicine > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three ways in which antibiotics work ?

A

Inhibit cell wall
Inhibit protein synthesis
Inhibit nuclear acid synthesis

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2
Q

What are the types of antibiotic which inhibits the cell wall?

A

B lactams

Glycopeptides

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3
Q

Examples of B lactams

A

Penicilin and cephalosporin

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4
Q

What kind of bacteria do B lactams work on ?

A

Gram +

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5
Q

What does B lactams do to bacteria ?

A

kill them

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6
Q

What do B lactams do to the cell wall?

A

Inhibit peptidoglycans

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7
Q

Examples of glycopeptides

A

Vancomycin IV

Teicoplanin Single does parental

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8
Q

What kind of bacteria do glycopeptides work on ?

A

Gram +

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9
Q

What does glycopeptides do to bacteria ?

A

kill them

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10
Q

What do glycopeptides do to the cell wall?

A

Inhibit assembly of peptidoglycan precursors

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11
Q

What are the antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis ?

A 
Aminoglycosides 
Macrolides
Tetracyclines 
Oxazolidinones 
Cyclic lipopeptide strong
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12
Q

Examples of Aminoglycosides

A

Gentamicin (cheap and effective)

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13
Q

What kind of bacteria do Aminoglycosides work on ?

A

Gram -

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14
Q

What does Aminoglycosides do to bacteria ?

A

Kill them

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15
Q

How do Aminoglycosides work?

A

Cause misreading of RNA and premature termination

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16
Q

Examples of Macrolides

A

Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Azithromycin (Single dose)

17
Q

What kind of bacteria do Macrolides work on ?

A

Gram + (useful alternative to penicillin)

18
Q

What does do Macrolides to bacteria ?

A

Kill or inhibit

19
Q

How do Macrolides work?

A

prevent adding of amino acids and inhibit ribosomal translation

20
Q

What kind of bacteria do Tetracyclines work on?

A

Gram +

21
Q

what does Tetracyclines do to bacteria?

A

Inhibit

22
Q

How do Tetracyclines work?

A

prevent tRNA from binding to the ribosomes

23
Q

Examples of Oxazolidinones

A

Linezolid

24
Q

What kind of bacteria do Oxazolidinones work on?

A

Gram +

25
Q

What do Oxazolidinones do bacteria ?

A

Kill or inibit

26
Q

How do Oxazolidinones work?

A

Prevents the formation of the initiation complex.

27
Q

Examples of cyclin lipopeptide strong

A

Daptomycin

28
Q

What kind of bacteria do cyclin lipopeptide strong work on?

A

Gram +

29
Q

What do cyclin lipopeptide strong do to bacteria?

A

Kill them

30
Q

How do cyclin lipopeptide strong work ?

A

Creates holes that leak ions

31
Q

What are the classes of antibiotic which inhibit nucellar acid synthesis?

A

Inhibition purine synthesis

Fluoroquinolones

32
Q

Examples of Fluoroquinolones

A

Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin

33
Q

What kind of bacteria do Fluoroquinolones work on?

A

Gram -

34
Q

What do Fluoroquinolones do to bacteria?

A

kill them

35
Q

How do Fluoroquinolones work?

A

They inhibit DNA synthesis.

36
Q

Examples of Inhibition (different steps) in purine synthesis ?

A

trimethoprim

37
Q

What do Inhibition (different steps) in purine synthesis do to bacteria ?

A

Inhibit them

38
Q

Which antibiotics work on gram negative?

A

Aminoglycosides

Fluoroquinolones

39
Q

What antibiotics inhibit bacteria?

A

Inhibition (different steps) in purine synthesis
Oxazolidinones
Tetracyclines
Macrolides

Foundations of Medicine (25 decks)

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