ANTIBIOTIC to MUTATION

Question 1

TRUE/FALSE:
human ribosomes are smaller than bacterial ribosomes

Answer 1

FALSE

Question 2

TRUE/FALSE:
bacterial ribosomes are larger than human ribosomes

Answer 2

FALSE

Question 3

TRUE/FALSE:
human ribosomes are much larger than bacterial ribosomes

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

initiator codon of bacteria

Answer 4

N-FORMYLMETHIONINE

Question 5

TRUE/FALSE:
in humans, mRNA begins while being transcribed from DNA

Answer 5

FALSE

Question 6

TRUE/FALSE:
in bacteria, mRNA begins while being transcribed from DNA

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

TRUE/FALSE:
in humans, mRNA translation begins only after transcription

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

TRUE/FALSE:
in bacteria, mRNA translation begins only after transcription

Answer 8

FALSE

Question 9

HUMAN/BACTERIA:
mRNA translation begins only after transcription

Answer 9

HUMAN

Question 10

HUMAN/BACTERIA:
mRNA begins while being transcribed from DNA

Answer 10

BACTERIA

Question 11

HUMAN/BACTERIA:
very little processing time after being transcribed and very-short lived

Answer 11

BACTERIA

Question 12

HUMAN/BACTERIA:
mRNA undergoes considerable processing before mature RNA is formed

Answer 12

HUMAN

Question 13

name the five antibiotics

Answer 13

ERYTHROMYCIN
TERRAMYCIN
STREPTOMYCIN
NEOMYCIN
CHLORAMPHENICOL

Question 14

type of antibiotics that binds larger bacterial ribosomes subunit

Answer 14

ERYTHROMYCIN

Question 15

type of antibiotics that blocks the exit of a growing peptide chain

Answer 15

ERYTHROMYCIN

Question 16

type of antibiotics that blocks the A-site location on the ribosome

Answer 16

TERRAMYCIN

Question 17

type of antibiotics that prevents the attachment of amino-acid carrying tRNAs

Answer 17

TERRAMYCIN

Question 18

type of antibiotics that binds to the smaller bacterial ribosome subunit causing a shape change and causes a misreading of mRNA info

Answer 18

STREPTOMYCIN

Question 19

type of antibiotics that bind to smaller bacterial ribosomes subunit and is similar to streptomycin

Answer 19

NEOMYCIN

Question 20

type of antibiotics that binds to ribosome and interferes with formation of peptide bonds between amino acids

Answer 20

CHLORAMPHENICOL

Question 21

error in base sequence in a gene that is reproduced during DNA replication and alters genetic info that is passed on during transcription

Answer 21

MUTATION

Question 22

substance or agent that causes change in structure of gene

Answer 22

MUTAGEN

Question 23

types of mutation

Answer 23

GENE/DNA
CHROMOSOME

Question 24

permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene

Answer 24

GENE/DNA MUTATION

Question 25

alterations that affects whole chromosomes and whole genes rather than just individual nucleotide

Answer 25

CHROMOSOME MUTATION

Question 26

classification of gene/dna mutation

Answer 26

POINT FRAMESHIFT

Question 27

classification of substitution

Answer 27

SILENT NONSENSE MISSENSE

Question 28

classfication of missense mutation

Answer 28

CONSERVATIVE NONCONSERVATIVE

Question 29

classification of frameshift mutation

Answer 29

INSERTION DELETION

Question 30

classification of chromosome mutation

Answer 30

INVERSION DELETION DUPLICATION TRANSLOCATION

Question 31

mutation in which one base in DNA base sequence is replaced with another base

Answer 31

POINT MUTATION

Question 32

one base is incorrectly added during replication and replaces the pair in the corresponding position on the complementary strand

Answer 32

SUBSTITUTION

Question 33

sub-classification of substitution code for the same amino acid / "synonymous substitution"

Answer 33

SILENT MUTATION

Question 34

sub-classification of substitution does not affect the functioning of the protein

Answer 34

SILENT MUTATION

Question 35

sub-classification of substitution when base substitution result in a stop codon ultimately truncating translation and leads to a nonfunctional protein

Answer 35

NONSENSE MUTATION

Question 36

sub-classification of substitution that has a change in one DNA base pair that result in substitution of one amino acid for another in the protein made by a gene

Answer 36

MISSENSE

Question 37

sub-classification of missense mutation that results in an amino acid change but the properties of amino acid stay the same

Answer 37

CONSERVATIVE MISSENSE

Question 38

sub-classification of missense mutation that results in amino acid change that has different properties than the wild type

Answer 38

NONCONSERVATIVE MISSENSE

Question 39

sub-classification of missense mutation wherein protein may lose its function which results in disease of the organism

Answer 39

NONCONSERVATIVE MUTATION

Question 40

a type of mutation that occurs when the addition or loss of DNA bases changes a gene's reading frame

Answer 40

FRAMESHIFT MUTATION

Question 41

consists of groups of 3 bases that each code for one amino acid

Answer 41

READING FRAME

Question 42

shift the grouping of the reading frame and changes the code for amino acids

Answer 42

FRAMESHIFT MUTATION

Question 43

a type of frameshift mutation where one or more extra nucleotides are inserted or added into the replicating DNA

Answer 43

INSERTION

Question 44

a type of frameshift mutation where protein made by the gene may not function properly

Answer 44

INSERTION

Question 45

a type of frameshift mutation that changes the number of DNA bases by removing pieces of DNA

Answer 45

DELETION

Question 46

a type of frameshift mutation where small deletions may remove one or a few base pairs within a gene while larger deletions can remove an entire gene

Answer 46

DELETION

Question 47

a type of frameshift mutation where the deleted DNA may alter the function of the resulting proteins

Answer 47

DELETION

Question 48

a type of chromosome mutation wherein a region of chromosome is lost and results in the absence of all genes in that area

Answer 48

DELETION

Question 49

a type of chromosome mutation wherein a region from one chromosome is aberrantly attached to another chromosome

Answer 49

TRANSLOCATION

Question 50

a type of chromosome mutation wherein a region of a chromosome is repeated, resulting in an increase in dosage from the genes in that region

Answer 50

DUPLICATION

Question 51

a type of chromosome mutation wherein one region of a chromosome is flipped and reinserted

Answer 51

INVERSION