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CMBM exam 3 > Antibiotic therapy cases > Flashcards

Antibiotic therapy cases Flashcards

1
Q

Strep throat is caused by;

A

Group A strep

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2
Q

Bacterial pharyngitis is caused by;

A

Group A strep

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3
Q

What type of B-lactam is amoxicillin?

A

Aminopenicillin

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4
Q

What addition to the B-lactam ring in aminopenicillins makes them able to enter porins?

A

R side chain

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5
Q

What are ampicillin and amoxicillin effective against?

A

Gram-negatives (especially rods)

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6
Q

What is the spectrum of a activity for aminopenicillins?

A

E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella enterica, borrelia burgdorferi, and most strep species (GAS, GBS, viridans group)

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7
Q

What are the beta-lacatmase inhibitors?

A

Clavulanic acid
Sulbactam
Tazobactam

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8
Q

What bacteria have B-lactamases?

A 
Staph aureus
H. Influenzae
N. gonorrhoeae
Enterbacteriaceae
Some anaerobes
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9
Q

What are the anti-stap penicillins?

A

Nafcillin
Ocacillin
Dicloxacillin

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10
Q

What are the anti-staph pencillins active against?

A

MSSA (methicillin sensitive staph aureus

MSSE (methicillin sensitive staph epidermidis)

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11
Q

What are the anti-staph pencillins not active against?

A

MRSA and MRSE

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12
Q

How do anti-staph penicillins avoid B-lactamases?

A

Large R side group that makes them resistant to the enzyme

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13
Q

What bacteria generally causes bacterial cystitis?

A

E. coli

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14
Q

what is the most common cause of pharyngitis?

A

GAS

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15
Q

what is the most common bacterial cause of cystitis?

A

E. Coli

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16
Q

what antibiotic is normally used for gram negative bacteria but can be given with penicillin for synergy in the treatment of subacute endocarditis?

A

Gentamycin

17
Q

What antibiotic regimen is recommended for empiric treatment of community acquired pneumonia?

A

ceftriaxone plus azithromycin

18
Q

what anaerobe is most likely involved in sepsis following a ruptured appendix?

A

Bacteriodes

19
Q

What is recommended for N. Gonorrheae?

A

Ceftriaxone

20
Q

MRSA is resistant to beta lactam antibiotics through which mechanism?

A

mutation of the transpeptidase

21
Q

What antibiotic would be least likely to be used to treat a Pseudomonas infection?

A

Cefazolin

22
Q

What can treat a Pseudomonas infection?

A

Extended spectrum penicillins (piperacillin, ticarcillin)
Cephalosporins 3rd and 4th gen (ceftazidime, cefepime)
Carbapenems (Imipenem, meropenem)
Aztreonam
Quinolones (cipro, levofloxacin)
Aminoglycosides (gentamycin, tobramycin, amikacin)
Combination therapy

23
Q

How would an infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis be treated?

A 
4 drug cocktail: RIPE
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Pyrasinaminde
24
Q

What are some antibiotics used for a group A step infection?

A

Amoxicilin

25
Q

Aerobic gram neg

A

Gentamycin

26
Q

Can Mtb be isoniazid resistant?

A

yes

CMBM exam 3 (24 decks)

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