Antibiotic Drugs Flashcards
Substances that inhibits bacterial growth or kill bacteria and other microorganisms
Antibacterial drugs
Discovered the mold that produced Penicillin, the first antibiotic to be used and marketed
Alexander Fleming
Minimum amount of antibacterial drug to halt the growth of microorganisms
Minimum Effective Concentration
When bacteria is _______ to the drug, the pathogen will continue to grow despite administration
Resistant
Occurs when one antibiotic increases the effectiveness of the 2nd drug
Potentiative effect
Effective against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms
Broad spectrum
Occurs when the antibiotics reduce or completely eliminate the normal bacterial flora
Superinfection
Provide resistance by destroying the beta-lactam ring in the drugs
Beta-Lactamase
Have the broadest antibacterial actions of any antibiotics
Carbapenems
Decreases the efficacy of oral contraceptives
Tetracycline
Cochlear and vestibular damage
Ototoxicity
Destroys bacteria by altering their DNA
Quinolones
Drugs used to treat infections caused by Mycobacterium bacterial species
Antituberculosis Medications/ Antimycobacterium
Resistance to Rifampicin
Rifampicin-resistant TB
Prevents synthesis of glucans which are found in fungal cell walls
Echinocandins
Chemicals that kill or suppress virus by either destroying virions or inhibiting their ability to replicate
Antiviral drugs
Treatment usually involves 3-4 HIV medications in combination to reduce resistance
Anti-retrovirals
HAART stands for
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Mature virus particle
Virion
Blocks polymerase enzyme that stimulates the synthesis of new viral genomes which results to low viral concentration enabling the host’s defenses to eliminate the virus
Non-HIV antivirals
