Antibacterials

Question 1

What drug causes renal, hepatic, and pulmonary toxicity in older adults?

Answer 1

Nitrofurantoin

Question 2

How does tetracycline affect oral contraceptives?

Answer 2

It diminishes their effects. Use a barrier method while taking tetracycline.

Question 3

Which drug kills gram-positive bacteria and protozoa?

Answer 3

Metronidazole

Question 4

What drug class are erythromycin, azthromycin, and clarithromycin?

Answer 4

Macroglides

Question 5

Which drug can cause tendonitis, peripheral neuropathies, and CNS/cardiac effects?

Answer 5

Ciprofloxacin

Question 6

Which drug is used to treat chlamydia, acne, small animal bites, Lyme disease, anthrax, H.pylori, gonorrhea, and syphilis?

Answer 6

Tetracycline

Question 7

Which drug is indicated for C.Diff, H. Pylori, and colorectal surgery?

Answer 7

Metronidazole

Question 8

Which class of drug can cause cerebral palsy and brain damage in children under 2?

Answer 8

Sulfonamides

Question 9

Which drug can cause permanent enamel damage in children under 8?

Answer 9

Tetracycline

Question 10

Which class of drug increases the effect of Warfarin?

Answer 10

Sulfas

Question 11

What drug is commonly prescribed for MRSA?

Answer 11

Vancomycin

Question 12

What is phenazopyridine?

Answer 12

A urinary analgesic

Question 13

At least how many mL of urine should someone produce in a 24-hour period?

Answer 13

600mL

Question 14

Which drugs minimize the effects of ciprofloxacin?

Answer 14

Sucralfate and drugs containing aluminum, iron, magnesium, and calcium

Question 15

Why should patients use caution when taking sulfa drugs and sulfonylureas at the same time?

Answer 15

Sulfa drugs increase the hypoglycemic effect of sulfonylureas

Question 16

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has the brand name what?

Answer 16

Bactrim

Question 17

Trimethoprim is one half of which drug?

Answer 17

Bactrim (with sulfamethoxazole)

Question 18

Enteral feeding instructions for ciprofloxacin and why?

Answer 18

One hour before or two hours after feeding, because enteral feeding dilutes/diminishes cipro

Question 19

Which two drugs REQUIRE peak and tough draws and why?

Answer 19

Vancomycin and Gentamycin. They are both very tough on the kidneys (and liver).

Question 20

What class of drug should not be administered with penicillin because it will be inactivated?

Answer 20

Aminoglycosides

Question 21

Is erythromycin bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal?

Answer 21

Bacteriostatic

Question 22

Does vancomycin work on gram-negative bacteria?

Answer 22

No.

Question 23

Are early generation cephalosporins more effective against gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria?

Answer 23

Gram-positive

Question 24

What class of drugs are gentamycin and streptomycin?

Answer 24

Aminoglycosides

Question 25

What do nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim primarily treat?

Answer 25

UTIs

Question 26

What three labs should be monitored with sulfa drugs?

Answer 26

CBC, liver, kidney

Question 27

What are the two most serious side effects of gentamycin?

Answer 27

Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

Question 28

What are the two main contraindications for trimethoprim?

Answer 28

Do not give if CrCl <15 and do not give to patients with a folate deficiency

Question 29

What does the peak indicate?

Answer 29

The rate of absorption

Question 30

Which OTC drug can cause jaundice and why?

Answer 30

Phenazopyridine, due to being metabolized in the liver which can cause liver impairment

Question 31

What does the trough indicate?

Answer 31

The rate of elimination

Question 32

What is red man Syndrome?

Answer 32

A blotchy red rash that occurs as a reaction to Vancomycin. Most common in kids.

Question 33

Which three labs would need to be monitored while a patient is on tetracycline?

Answer 33

BUN/Cr, LFTs, and CBC

Question 34

When should you draw the peak and trough?

Answer 34

30 mins after administration (peak) and just before readministration (trough)

Question 35

What is the preferred aministration route for gentamycin?

Answer 35

IV

Question 36

Which drug should NEVER be administered IV or it can result in cardiopulmonary arrest/death?

Answer 36

Penicillin G benzathine

Question 37

What three patient teachings would the nurse educate someone taking phenazopyridine?

Answer 37

1. It can turn the urine a reddish orange color 2. Report any yellowing of the skin (jaundice) 3. Take with food to reduce GI stress

Question 38

What test does ciprofloxacin require for dose adjustment?

Answer 38

CrCl

Question 39

Why is nitrofurantoin contraindicated for the first trimester and 38 weeks to delivery?

Answer 39

It can cause fetal malformations in the first trimester and hemolytic anemia at 38 weeks to delivery

Question 40

Which drug should be used cautiously in patients who have myesthenia gravis?

Answer 40

Gentamycin

Question 41

Which drug may turn the urine brown as a side effect?

Answer 41

Nitrofurantoin

Question 42

Which drug is completely metabolized by the liver and does not affect the kidneys?

Answer 42

Erythromycin

Question 43

What drug is a substitute for patients allergic to PCN?

Answer 43

Erythromycin

Question 44

What does erythromycin primarily treat?

Answer 44

Some STIs, chlamydial conjunctivitis in newborns, Legionnaires disease

Question 45

What class of drug is doxycycline?

Answer 45

Tetracycline