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Pharmacology > Antineoplastic Drugs > Flashcards

Antineoplastic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four types of traditional cytotoxic agents?

A

Alkylating agents, antimetabolites, plant alkaloids, and anti-tumor antibiotics

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2
Q

What are the four types of alkylating agents?

A

Nitrosoureas, nitrogen mustard derives, platinum compounds, and triazenes

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3
Q

Folate and purine antagonists attack the cell during which phase?

A

S-Phase

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4
Q

Nitrogen mustard derivatives and nitrosoureas have what action?

A

They interfere with DNA and RNA synthesis

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5
Q

What are the three types of antimetabolites?

A

Folate antagonists, pyrimidine analog, and purine antagonists

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6
Q

Dacarbazine is what type of drug?

A

Triazene

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7
Q

True or false: all alkylating drugs are cell cycle nonspecific

A

True

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8
Q

What are the four main types of chemotherapy drugs?

A

Traditional cytotoxic agents, hormone inhibitors, cytoprotectants, and biologic antineoplastic drugs (cytotoxic)

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9
Q

Cisplatin is what type of drug?

A

Platinum compound

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10
Q

Methotrexate is what type of drug?

A

Folate antagonist

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11
Q

Lomustine is what type of drug?

A

Nitrousoureas

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12
Q

Cyclophosphamide is what type of drug?

A

Nitrogen mustard derivative

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13
Q

Which drug may cause an additional adverse effect of ototoxicity?

A

Cisplatin

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14
Q

Mercaptopurine is what type of drug?

A

Purine antagonist

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15
Q

Fluorouracil is what type of drug?

A

Pyrimidine analog

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16
Q

Allopurinol is used to treat what side effect of chemotherapy?

A

Hyperuricemia

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17
Q

Bevacizumab is what type of drug?

A

Biologic antineoplastic drug (monoclonal antibody)

18
Q

What is the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibodies (a biological antineoplastic drug)?

A

They bind to the growth receptors on blood vessels, which prevents RBCs from delivering nutrients to tumor cells

19
Q

What is Filgastrim used for?

A

Neutropenia

20
Q

What type of drug is tamoxifen?

A

Hormone inhibitor (antiestrogen)

21
Q

Which drug is used to treat chemo-associated anemia?

A

Epoeitinalpha

22
Q

Which drug is used to treat chemo-associated pancytopenia and reduce the effects of methotrexate?

A

Leucovorin

23
Q

Which drug is used to treat chemo-associated thrombocytopenia?

A

Oprelvekin

24
Q

Which drug is used to treat chemo-associated neutropenia?

A

Filgrastim

25
Q

What is Oprelvekin used for?

A

Thrombocytopenia

26
Q

What is Epoetinalpha used for?

A

Anemia

27
Q

What is Leucovorin used for?

A

Pancytopenia and to reduce the effects of methotrexate

28
Q

Which type of alkylating agent can cross the BBB and what is it called?

A

Nitrosoureas/Carmustine

29
Q

Which alkylating agent is used to treat Hodgkin’s lymphoma and metastatic malignant melanoma?

A

Triazenes

30
Q

Which alkylating agent is used to treat Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, leukemias, cancer of the head and neck, breast, lung, ovary, multiple myeloma, and neuroblastoma?

A

Nitrogen mustard derivatives

31
Q

Which alkylating agent is used to treat advanced cancer of the testes, bladder, and ovary?

A

Platinum compounds

32
Q

What is one of the most common side effects of folate antagonists?

A

Mucositis/stomatitis

33
Q

Which antimetabolite is used to treat leukemia, osteosarcoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and cancers of the breast, testes, lung, head, and neck?

A

Folate antagonists

34
Q

Bleomycin is which type of drug?

A

Antitumor antibiotic

35
Q

Which alkylating agent is used to treat Hodgkin’s disease and brain tumors?

A

Nitrosoureas

36
Q

Which antimetabolite is used to treat acute and chronic leukemias?

A

Purine antagonists

37
Q

Which antimetabolite is used to treat breast, colon, stomach, and pancreatic cancer?

A

Pyrimidine analog

38
Q

What is a common side effect of pyrimidine analog?

A

Pruritus

39
Q

Plant/vinca alkaloids attack the cell during which phase of the cycle?

A

Mitosis

40
Q

Vincristine is what type of drug?

A

Plant/vinca alkaloid

41
Q

Which adverse effect is very common in cisplatin and methotrexate?

A

Nephrotoxicity

42
Q

What is the treatment for tumor lysis syndrome?

A

IVNS bolus, IV sodium bicarbonate, and allopurinol

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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