Antineoplastic Drugs

Question 1

What are the four types of traditional cytotoxic agents?

Answer 1

Alkylating agents, antimetabolites, plant alkaloids, and anti-tumor antibiotics

Question 2

What are the four types of alkylating agents?

Answer 2

Nitrosoureas, nitrogen mustard derives, platinum compounds, and triazenes

Question 3

Folate and purine antagonists attack the cell during which phase?

Answer 3

S-Phase

Question 4

Nitrogen mustard derivatives and nitrosoureas have what action?

Answer 4

They interfere with DNA and RNA synthesis

Question 5

What are the three types of antimetabolites?

Answer 5

Folate antagonists, pyrimidine analog, and purine antagonists

Question 6

Dacarbazine is what type of drug?

Answer 6

Triazene

Question 7

True or false: all alkylating drugs are cell cycle nonspecific

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What are the four main types of chemotherapy drugs?

Answer 8

Traditional cytotoxic agents, hormone inhibitors, cytoprotectants, and biologic antineoplastic drugs (cytotoxic)

Question 9

Cisplatin is what type of drug?

Answer 9

Platinum compound

Question 10

Methotrexate is what type of drug?

Answer 10

Folate antagonist

Question 11

Lomustine is what type of drug?

Answer 11

Nitrousoureas

Question 12

Cyclophosphamide is what type of drug?

Answer 12

Nitrogen mustard derivative

Question 13

Which drug may cause an additional adverse effect of ototoxicity?

Answer 13

Cisplatin

Question 14

Mercaptopurine is what type of drug?

Answer 14

Purine antagonist

Question 15

Fluorouracil is what type of drug?

Answer 15

Pyrimidine analog

Question 16

Allopurinol is used to treat what side effect of chemotherapy?

Answer 16

Hyperuricemia

Question 17

Bevacizumab is what type of drug?

Answer 17

Biologic antineoplastic drug (monoclonal antibody)

Question 18

What is the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibodies (a biological antineoplastic drug)?

Answer 18

They bind to the growth receptors on blood vessels, which prevents RBCs from delivering nutrients to tumor cells

Question 19

What is Filgastrim used for?

Answer 19

Neutropenia

Question 20

What type of drug is tamoxifen?

Answer 20

Hormone inhibitor (antiestrogen)

Question 21

Which drug is used to treat chemo-associated anemia?

Answer 21

Epoeitinalpha

Question 22

Which drug is used to treat chemo-associated pancytopenia and reduce the effects of methotrexate?

Answer 22

Leucovorin

Question 23

Which drug is used to treat chemo-associated thrombocytopenia?

Answer 23

Oprelvekin

Question 24

Which drug is used to treat chemo-associated neutropenia?

Answer 24

Filgrastim

Question 25

What is Oprelvekin used for?

Answer 25

Thrombocytopenia

Question 26

What is Epoetinalpha used for?

Answer 26

Anemia

Question 27

What is Leucovorin used for?

Answer 27

Pancytopenia and to reduce the effects of methotrexate

Question 28

Which type of alkylating agent can cross the BBB and what is it called?

Answer 28

Nitrosoureas/Carmustine

Question 29

Which alkylating agent is used to treat Hodgkin's lymphoma and metastatic malignant melanoma?

Answer 29

Triazenes

Question 30

Which alkylating agent is used to treat Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, leukemias, cancer of the head and neck, breast, lung, ovary, multiple myeloma, and neuroblastoma?

Answer 30

Nitrogen mustard derivatives

Question 31

Which alkylating agent is used to treat advanced cancer of the testes, bladder, and ovary?

Answer 31

Platinum compounds

Question 32

What is one of the most common side effects of folate antagonists?

Answer 32

Mucositis/stomatitis

Question 33

Which antimetabolite is used to treat leukemia, osteosarcoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cancers of the breast, testes, lung, head, and neck?

Answer 33

Folate antagonists

Question 34

Bleomycin is which type of drug?

Answer 34

Antitumor antibiotic

Question 35

Which alkylating agent is used to treat Hodgkin's disease and brain tumors?

Answer 35

Nitrosoureas

Question 36

Which antimetabolite is used to treat acute and chronic leukemias?

Answer 36

Purine antagonists

Question 37

Which antimetabolite is used to treat breast, colon, stomach, and pancreatic cancer?

Answer 37

Pyrimidine analog

Question 38

What is a common side effect of pyrimidine analog?

Answer 38

Pruritus

Question 39

Plant/vinca alkaloids attack the cell during which phase of the cycle?

Answer 39

Mitosis

Question 40

Vincristine is what type of drug?

Answer 40

Plant/vinca alkaloid

Question 41

Which adverse effect is very common in cisplatin and methotrexate?

Answer 41

Nephrotoxicity

Question 42

What is the treatment for tumor lysis syndrome?

Answer 42

IVNS bolus, IV sodium bicarbonate, and allopurinol