Antibacterial drugs Flashcards
What are non specific infections?
Many bacteria cause the same symptoms
Symptoms depend on the site, extent of infection and local reaction
What are specific infections?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of lung
What are antibacterial drugs?
Chemicals or substances produced by microorganisms to kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms
What does a static drug do?
Prevent an increase in cell numbers
What does a cidal drug do?
Cause a decrease in cell numbers
What do antibacterial drugs exploit?
The differences between bacterial cells and host cells
What differs between bacterial and mammalian cells?
Peptidoglycan cell wall Plasma membrane has no sterols in bacteria Single, circular chromosome Protein synthesis Energy metabolism
What is folate metabolism?
Manufacture of vitamin B9
Bacteria produce their own
Humans cannot produce their own
What are sulphonamides?
Prevent folate synthesis
Which drugs prevent synthesis of peptidoglycan?
Penicilli Cephalosporin Cycloserin Vancomycin Bacitracin
What allows for resistance to penicillin?
Production of beta lactamases
Which drugs increase permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymixin B
Gramicidin
Which drugs inhibit protein synthesis?
Tetracyclin Streptomyocin Puromycin Chloraphenicol Erithromyocin
Which drugs inhibit nucleic acid synthesis?
Rifampicin
Quinolones
Proflavin
Which drugs interfere with energy metabolism?
Metronidazole
