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Pharmacology > Antiarrhythmic agents > Flashcards

Antiarrhythmic agents Flashcards

1
Q

Classes of antiarrhythmic agents?

A

Some Block Kings and Castles MAD MOVES

  1. Class I(Na+-channel blockers)
  2. Class II(B-blockers)
  3. Class III(K+-channel blockers)
  4. Class IV(Ca2+-channel blockers0
  5. Non-classified(Magnesium, adenosine, digoxin)
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2
Q

Class Ia drugs?

A

Double Quarter Pounder

Disopyramide
Quinidine
Procainamide

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3
Q

Class Ib drugs?

A

(Double quarter pounder) W/Lettuce Tomato Mayo

Lidocaine
Mexiletine
Tocainide

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4
Q

Class Ic drugs?

A

(Double quarter pounder W/Lettuce Tomato Mayo) And/More Fries Please

Moricizine
Flecainide
Propafenone

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5
Q

Class two drugs?

A

Beta blockers(-olol)

Bisprolol
Atenolol
Metoprolol

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6
Q

Class three drugs?

A

Potassium-blockes

Sotalol
Amiodarone
Dofelitide

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7
Q

Class four drugs?

A

Calcium blockers(4 very dill pickels)

Verapamil
Diltiazem

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8
Q

Class five drugs?

A

MAD

Magnesium
Adenosine
Digoxin

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9
Q

Class I drugs and types of classes?

A

(Double quarter pounder ) (W/Lettuce Tomato Mayo ) (And/More Fries Please)

Class 1a:
Disopyramide
Quinidine
Procainamide

Class 1b:
Lidocaine
Mexiletine
Tocainide

Class 1c:
Moricizine
Flecainide
Propafenone

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10
Q

Class 1a

  1. Indications
  2. S/E
  3. Atrial activity
  4. CI
  5. Cardiac depression
  6. Ischaemic tissue
A
  1. Ventricular Arrhythmias, Prevent Ectopics & reduces depolarisation
  2. Anticholinergic S/E & Alpha receptor blockage(hypotension)
  3. No atrial activity
  4. CI: Hypotension, CHF, and 2nd/3rd-degree heart block
  5. NOT cardiac depressants
  6. Bind to ischaemic tissue
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11
Q

Class 1b

  1. Indications
  2. S/E
  3. Atrial activity
  4. Admin
  5. Cardiac depression
  6. Ischaemic tissue
  7. BBB
A
  1. Ventricular Arrhythmias, Prevent Ectopics & reduces depolarisation
  2. Asystole, Convulsions, may not protect against arrhythmias
  3. No atrial activity
  4. Admin-IV
  5. NOT cardiac depressants
  6. Bind to ischaemic tissue
  7. Crosses BBB
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12
Q

Class 1c

  1. Indications
  2. S/E
  3. Atrial activity
  4. Refracrtory period
  5. Cardiac depression
  6. Ischaemic tissue
  7. Excitability
  8. AP
  9. Mortality
A
  1. Ventricular Arrhythmias, Prevent Ectopics & reduces depolarisation
  2. S/E: Anticholinergic S/E, Alpha-receptor blockade
  3. No Atrial activity
  4. Refracrtory period-decreased
  5. Cardiac depression
  6. Ischaemic tissue
  7. Excitability-decreased
  8. AP-decreased
  9. Increases mortality
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13
Q

Class II

  1. Drugs
  2. Indications
  3. A/E: CVS, Bronchioles, Liver
  4. Ischaemic
  5. LV Remodelling
  6. Threshold
A
  1. Drugs: Beta-blockers)
    Propranolol
    Atenolol
    Metoprolol
  2. Indications
    Atrial Fibrillation
  3. A/E: CVS, Bronchioles, Liver

CVS: Decreased HR, SV, Conduction, and Bradycardia

Bronchioles:
Increased Airway resistance

Liver:
Block SNS response to hypoglycemia

  1. Anti-schaemic effects
  2. Increased LV Remodelling
  3. Lowers threshold to life threatening arrhythmias
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14
Q

Class III

  1. Drugs
  2. Indications
  3. S/E
  4. Class activity
  5. Safety record
  6. CI
  7. Half-life
  8. Duration for effects
A
  1. Drugs: SAD Poets
    Sotalol
    Amiodarone
    Dofelitide
  2. Indications: Ventricular Fibrillation
  3. S/E: Thyroid dysfunction, SA.AV nodal block
  4. Class activity: Class I, II & IV activity
  5. Safety record: Much better
  6. CI: Bradycardia, shock
  7. Half-life: Extremely long t1/2(approx 130 days)
  8. Can take apporxiametly 2-3 months to reach full effect
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15
Q

Class IV

  1. MOA
  2. Drugs
  3. Indications
A
  1. MOA: Calcium blockers
  2. Drugs: 4 Very dill pillls
    Verapamil
    Diltiazem
  3. Indications: Ca2+ channel blockers
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16
Q

Class V

  1. Drugs
  2. Indications
A
  1. Drugs: MAD
    Magnesium, Adenosine, Digoxin
  2. Supraventricular tachycardia
17
Q

Adenosine

1.MOA
2. SV tachycardia conversion
3. Refractory period
4. AV
5. Indications
6. SA node
7. A/E

A
  1. MOA: Activates inward K+ channel and blocks Ca2+ channel
  2. Converts SV tachyc-to sinus rhythm
  3. Increased refractory period
  4. Decreased AV nodal conduction
  5. Supraventricular tachycardia
  6. Little action on SA node
  7. Flushing & AV nodal block
18
Q

Which therapy should be used adjunct atrial fibrillation?

A

Remember warfarin therapy in atrial fibrilation

19
Q

Digoxin

  1. Indications
  2. SA J rate
  3. AV node
  4. Two MOA
  5. Na+/K+ pump
  6. Na+/Ca2+ pump
  7. Ionotrope/chronotrope
  8. S/E
A
  1. Indications:
    Used in atrial fibrillation
  2. SA node rate-Decreased
  3. Blocks AV node
  4. Two MOA:
    -Increased vagal AV node
    -Increased AV & SA nodal sensitivity to ACh
  5. Blocks Na+/K+ pump
  6. Activates Na+/Ca2+ pump
  7. Positive Ionotrope and negative chronotrope
  8. S/E

-GIT cramps
-CNS-Visual problems
-Can cause arrhythmias
-Delayed after depolarisation can lead to ectopic beats

20
Q

Atropine/Hypscine

  1. MOA
  2. Chronotropic
  3. Indications
  4. Masks
A
  1. MOA: Anticholinergic at the SA & Node
  2. Positive chronotropic
  3. Indications: Bradycardia, vagal or ACh increases therefore it decreases vagal or ACh effects and partial AV Block
  4. Atropine unmasks SNS
21
Q

AV nodal blockers?

A
  1. Ca2+ channel blockers
  2. B-blockers
  3. Digoxin
  4. K+-channel blockers (Amiodorone)
22
Q

Ventricular fibrilation?

A
  1. Na+ channel blocekr
  2. K+ channel blocker(Amiodereone)
23
Q

All arrhythmias?

A
  1. K+ channel blockers(Amiodorone)
  2. Sotalol-Both class 2 & 3 activity

Pharmacology (44 decks)

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