Antianxiety Medications Flashcards
Benzodiazepine Derivatives
Chlordiazepoxide
Diazepam
Adverse Effects
Lethargy, hangover.
Respiratory depression, hypotension.
Benzodiazepine Derivatives
Chlordiazepoxide
Diazepam
Nursing Considerations
CNS Depressant, Use- anxiety, sedation, alcohol withdrawal, seizures. May result in toxic built up in the elderly. Potential for physiological addiction/overdose. Can develop tolerance and cross tolerance. Cigarette smoking increases clearance of drug. Alcohol increases CNS depression.
Benzodiazepine Derivatives Alprazolam Lorazopam Oxazepam Adverse Effects
Drowsiness, light-headedness, hypotension, hepatic dysfunction. Increased salivation. Orthostatic hypotension. Memory impairment and confusion.
Benzodiazepine Derivatives Alprazolam Lorazopam Oxazepam Nursing Considerations
CNS depressant. Safer for the elderly. Don’t combine with alcohol or other depressants.Check renal and hepatic function. Don’t discontinue abruptly ( true for ALL anti anxiety meds) Teach addictive potential).
Benzodiazepine Derivatives
Midazolam
Adverse Effects
Retrograde amnesia, Euphoria, Hypotension, Dysrhythmia, Cardiac Arrest, Respiratory depression.
Benzodiazepine Derivatives
Midazolam
Nursing Considerations
CNS Depressant
Use- preoperative sedation, conscious sedation for endoscopic procedures and diagnostic tests.
Anxiolytics: Non-Benzodiazepine
Buspirone
Adverse Effects
Light headedness
Confusion
Hypotension, Palpitations
Anxiolytics: Non-Benzodiazepine
Buspirone
Nursing Considerations:
Little sedation, Requires approx 3 weeks to be effective. CANNOT be given as PRN med. Particularly useful for generalized anxiety disorder ( GAD).
No abuse potential. Used for clients with previous addiction. Avoid alcohol and grapefruit juice. Monitor for worsening depression or suicidal tendencies.
Anxiolytics: Non-Benzodiazepine
Hydroxyzine
Adverse Effects:
Drowsiness, ataxia, leukopenia, hypotension
Anxiolytics: Non-Benzodiazepine
Hydroxyzine
Nursing Considerations:
Produces no dependence, tolerance, or intoxication.
Can be used for anxiety relief for indefinite periods.
Herbal Meds***
Kava
Adverse Effects ( omg so many)
Impaired thinking, judgement, motor reflexes, vision, decreased plasma proteins, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, dyspnea, and pulmonary hypertension
Herbal Meds***
Kava
Nursing Considerations
similar activity to BENZODIAZEPINES
Suppresses emotional excitability and produces mild euphoria. DO NOT take with CNS depressants. Should not be taken by women who are pregnant or lactating or by children under the age of 12.
Herbal Meds***
Melatonin
Adverse Effects
Sedation, confusion, headache, and tachycardia
Herbal Meds***
Melatonin
Nursing Considerations
Influences sleep-wake cycles ( levels are high during sleep). Used for prevention and treatment of “jet lag” and insomnia. Use cautiously if given with benzodiazepines and CNS depressants. Contraindicated in hepatic insufficiency, history of cerebrovascular disease, depression, and neurologic disorders.
Antianxiety Medications
Action
Affects neurotransmitters
