Anti-seizure drugs

Question 1

Generalized tonic-clonic seizures and simple partial seizures

Toxicity : nystagmus, ataxia, stupor, respiratory depression, hypotension and coma

Answer 1

Phenobarbital

Question 2

Rapid horizontal eye movement

Answer 2

Nystagmus: End point nystagmus

Question 3

Sign of CNS problem: Rapid vertical eye movement

Answer 3

Vertical nystagmus

Question 4

short-term prophylactic agent in brain injury

Major toxicity: initiation of seizures

Other toxic effects: HIRSUTISM, gingival hyperplasia, Vit. D & folate deficiency

Injectable proform: Fosphenytoin

Answer 4

Phenytoin

Question 5

Used for treatment of petit mal & absence seizure

Enhance the activity of GABA-mediated inhibitory system

Hepatic dysfunction: hyperammonemia

Teratogenic effects

Toxicity : sedation, gastric disturbances, ataxia

Answer 5

Valproic acid

Question 6

Generalized tonic clonic, simple partial and complex partial seizures

Tic douloureux (trigeminal neuralgia)

Reduction of excitatory synaptic transmission in the spinal trigeminal nucleus

Answer 6

Carbamazepine

Question 7

Toxicity : drowsiness, ataxia, dizziness,nausea and vomiting

Rare : - aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia - agranulocytosis

Answer 7

Carbamazepine

Question 8

Generalized tonic clonic, simple partial and complex partial seizures

Metabolites: Phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide

Answer 8

Primidone

Question 9

Petit mal (absence) seizures

Chemically related to imipramine (TCA)

Toxicity : GI : nausea, vomiting, gastric distress

Answer 9

Ethosuximide

Question 10

Newer anticonvulsants

Answer 10

TLGF

Topiramate
Lamotrigine
Gabapentin
Felbamate