Anti-Protist & Anti-Helminth Flashcards
Parasites are a complex organism
True
Protist one-celled organisms
True
Helminths are parasitic worms and are much larger than?
Protists
Antiparasitic drugs are not known to be toxic.
False
Malara caused by
A. Mosquito
B. P. vivax
C. P. ovale
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The zygote form into an oocyst which will release what?
sporozoites
Do sporozoites multiply sexually or asexually?
Asexually
Where does the malarial infection take hold?
In the liver
What invades the erythrocytes?
Merozoites
T or F: P. falciparum causes the blood cells to stick together due to the knobs that grow on their surface
True
The drugs act at what stage?
Blood schizont
Where do malarial plasmodia get their amino acids from?
From the hemoglobin by digesting it
Free Heme is not toxic
False
Hemozoin is not toxic
True
Quinoline is a natural drug that prevetnts tthe detoxification of toxic free heme. What drugs are like it?
A. Chloroquine
B. Quinine or Quinidine
C. Artemisinin
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The mutation found that a transporter pumps out the chloroquine is found in which disease?
Malaria
ACT is ?
Artemisinin Combination Therapy, the first line treatment of malaria
DHOD performs a key step to make?
Pyrimidine synthesis
Atovaquone and Primaquine are related to ubiquinone and shuts down?
pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis, so no DNA or RNA and kills parasite.
Doxycycline, and tetracycline, clindamycin are used in?
Combination of malarial drugs.
Amebiasis are
Amebozoas.
Examples: E. histolytica
Metronidazole is a prodrug targeting what ?
Membranes of parasites
Metrodinazole is active by ?
Ferrodoxin
Metronidazole has been shown some resistance to which organism ?
Giardia, parasite found in contaminated food and water.
Trypanosomiasis is caused by
Trypanosomiasis brucei, a protist.
Leishmaniasis is caused by
Leishmania. A small bite from a sandfly.
Drugs that work against trypanosome and has a high affinity for mtDNA OF THE KINETOPLASTIDS of which blocks it’s DNA replication?
Pentamindine
Drugs that works against trypanosome that binds the protein and lipids to inhibit metabolism.
Suramin
Drugs that work against trypanosome inhibits pyruvate kinase which is used in ?
Melarsprol and pyruvate kinase is used in glycolysis
Drugs that work against trypanosome less toxic alternative to melarsoprol ?
Eflornithine
Helminth infections are parasitic ______?
Worms
River blindness is cause which organism A. E. Histolyica B. Gardisia C. P. Vivax D. O. volvulus
D. O. volvulus
What is the most famous anti parasitic drug ?
Ivermectin
What drug binds to the channels of the nerve and muscle cells ?
Ivermectin
What drug causes constant open of the channels in the absence of glutamate ?
Ivermectin
Another drug to treat helminths is called ?
Microtubule inhibitors
T or F Nematode beta tubulin is similar to human beta tubulin.
False, they are sufficiently different.
Inhibitors of plasmodia electron transport
Atova and prima
Which two combo drugs are not used because parasite are resistant to the drug
Sulfa and pyrimeethamine
Most eukaryotes lack the fermentation enzyme ?
PFOR
Low resistance in parasites is due to few ____________ alternatives
Metabolic
