Anti-Inflammatory and Immunosuppressant Drugs Flashcards
What does NSAID stand for
non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs
What do NSAIDs decrease the production of
prostaglandins and thromboxane
What are the properties of NSAIDs
anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic
What is the effect of prostaglandins in damaged and inflammed tissue
sensitises nociceptors to inflammatory mediators
What is the effect of the anti-inflammatory property of NSAIDs
decrease vasodilation
What are the two isoforms of COX
COX1 and COX2
Which COX isoform exhibits inducible expression
COX2
Where is COX1 expressed
platelets, stomach, colon, most tissues
Where is COX2 expressed
most cells, kidney, inflammatory cells after stimulation
What can stimulate inflammatory cells to express COX2
cytokines, growth factors, tumor promoters
What are the side effects of NSAIDs
renal failure, liver damage, skin rashes, bronchospasm, affects the gut
What is the function of prostaglandins in the gut
inhibit acid secretion and protect mucosa
Which NSAID has the highest risk of GI complications
azapropazone
What is an undesirable side effect from COX1 inhibition by NSAIDs
gastrotoxicity
What is an undesirable side effect from COX2 inhibition by NSAIDs
increase BP, salt retention,
What aspirin bind to in COX
covalently to COX residue
What does aspirin binding to Ser residue in COX prevent
arachadonic acid from reaching the cyclo-oxygenase site
What diseases can aspirin reduce the risk of
colonic and rectal cancer, alzheimer’s
Where is paracetamol metabolised
liver
What type of drug is paracetamol
competitive inhibitor
What type of drug is aspirin
suicide inhibitor - irreversible
What can aspirin be used for
reduce risk of arterial thrombosis
