Anti-Hypertensives (week 2) Flashcards
What are the five ACE-inhibitors?
Benazepril, Lisinopril, Enalapril, Lisinopril/HCTZ, Ramipril
What are the available dosage forms of ACE-Is and ARBs?
oral; tablet or capsules
What are the eight ARBs?
Irbesartan, Irbesartan/HCTZ, Losartan, Losartan/HCTZ, Olmesartan, Olmesartan/HCTZ, Valsartan, Valsartan/HCTZ
What are the five FDA-approved indications for ACE-Is and ARBs?
high blood pressure, heart failure, post heart attack (myocardial infarction), heart attack, kidney protection in diabetes
What is nephropathy?
kidney disease
What is the general medical term for kidney?
renal
How do ACE-inhibitors work in hypertension?
by inhibiting vasoconstriction - it interferes with angiotensin I and II in the angiotensin-aldosterone system
How to ARBs work in hypertension?
by interfering after angiotensin II and the release of aldosterone in the angiotensin-aldosterone system
What is a serious side effect of ACE inhibitors?
angioedema (extreme swelling of the tongue)- if the patient has a history of it, it is a contraindication
What are some common side effects of ACE-inhibitors?
dry cough, hypotension, increased serum creatine, hyperkalemia
What are some side effects of ARBs?
the same as ACE-inhibitors, but with a decreased risk for angioedema and no risk of dry cough, as that is an effect of the mechanism of ACE-inibitors
What should ACEs and ARBs NOT be administered with?
they should not be administered together, with a second of its kind (i.e. two different ARBs at once), with a Renin inhibitor or with an NSAID. NSAIDs will reverse the effects
What is the box warning for ACEs and ARBs?
not for use by women who are pregnant/lactating
What is the brand name of Benazepril?
Lotensin
What is the brand name of Enalapril?
Vasotec
