Anti-fungal, Anti-flu, Anti-TB drugs Flashcards
Amphotericin B MOA
Complexes w/ ergosterol and disrupts PM
Flucytosine MOA
Produces FdUMP (inhibits DNA synthesis) and FUTP (inhibits RNA synthesis)
Azoles MOA
Reduce ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting CYP450s
Echinocandins MOA
Inhibit glucan synthesis (inhibits fungal CW production)
Adamantanes MOA
Inhibit M2 ion channel of virus and inhibit the uncoating of RNA w/ infected hosts -> inhibits replication
Isoniazid MOA
Inhibit mycolic acid synthesis
Rifampin MOA
Inhibit RNA synthesis by binding beta-subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA-pol.
Amphotericin B coverage
Candida Crypto- Histo- Blasto- Coccidio- Aspergillus Mucor
Flucytosine coverage
Narrow - C. neoformans
Azoles coverage
Candida
C. neoformans
Dermophytes
Aspergillus
Echinocandins coverage
Candida
Aspergillus
Neuramidase inhibitors coverage
Influenza A and B
Adamantanes coverage
Influenza A
Amphotericin B adverse effects
Mostly immediate reactions from IV infusion.
Long-term: renal damage, anemia, seizures.
Flucytosine adverse effects
Bone marrow toxicity w/ anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
Azoles adverse effects
Relatively non-toxic, but rarely mild GI sx.
Echinocandins adverse effects
Well-tolerated
Neuramidase inhibitor adverse effects
Psychiatric problems
Adamantanes adverse effects
Nausea
Anorexia
Concentration problems
Insomnia
Isoniazid adverse effects
Induced Hep.
Peripheral neuropathy
Rifampin adverse effects
Harmless orange-colored sweat, urine, tears, etc.
Suffixes for:
Echinocandins
Neuramidase inhibitors
Adamantanes
Echinocandins: -fungin
Neuramidase inhibitors: -vir
Adamantanes: -dine
What the only member of the Imidazole subclass of the Azoles?
Ketoconozole
Classic adverse effect of Ethanbutol
Ophthalmic problems
What other first line drug is given in tandem with isoniazid and rifampin?
Pyrazinamide
