Anti Cancer Drugs Flashcards
Cyclophosphamide activation, excretion, toxicity
- hepatic activation
- renal exertion
- myelosuppression, sterile hemorrhagic cystitis, transitional cell carcinomas
Cyclophosphamide therapy (bladder toxicity)
- prednisolone: increases dieresis an inhibits microsomes activation of CTX
- replace with chlorambucil
- give N-acetycystine
- antibiotics
- MESNA
- DMSO
SIADHS
- syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion
- associated with cyclophosphamide
- used for tumors
Chlorambucil: excretion and uses
-renal excretion
- substitute for cytoxin
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Feline GI (small cell) lymphoma
Lomustine
- completely absorbed after oral intake
- 1st pass hepatic degradation -metabolites active
- highly lipid soluble (cross BBB)
- renal exertion: partial hepatic excretion- enterohepatic cycle
Lomustine toxicity
Myelosuppresive and hepatic toxic
- liver protectant alpha lipoid acid may help
- neurtopenia nadir variable
- LOPP protocol
Procarbazine
- matulane: alkalating agent
- LOPP/MOPP rescue protocol
Cisplatin toxicity
- nephtotoxic: diurese
- nausea: treat with antimetics
- fatal pulmonary edema in cats!*
Cisplatin primary use
Osteosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma
Carboplatin: excretion and toxicity
- renal excretion
- myelosuppression, monitor platelets
- safe in cats!
What cell cycle phase are antimetabolites specific to?
S phase
- inserted into DNA and non-functional
Methotrexate: metabolism, exertion,
- hepatic metabolism
- renal excretion (tubular)
- crosses BBB
methotrexate toxicity and sues
- GI and myelosuppressoin
- lymphoma, CNS tumors, osteosarcoma
Cytosine arabinoside: exertion, given by, solubility
- removed by circulation by kidneys
- continuous infusion
- cross BBB
Doxorubicin: metabolism, excretion
- meta by liver:dose reduction if bilirubin >2mg/dl
- renal excretion: primary route of excretion in the cat
Doxorubicin toxicity
- anaphylaxis
- vesicant
- cardiotoxiciy
Mitoxantrone toxicity, facts
Myelosuppressoin
- very expensive but not per dose
- may turn urine blue-green
Dactinomycin
- excretion: urine, feces
- Toxicity: myelosuppression
- non-cardiotoxic substitute for doxorubicin
Vincristine
- hepatic excretion (dose reduction when bilibruin >2mg/dl)
- toxicity: vesicant, myelosuppression, peripheral neuropathy
Vinblastine
Excretion: hepatic
- vesicant
- primary use: mast cell tumor
L-asparaginase
Toxicity: anaphylaxis, potentiate vincrinstine induced myelosuppressoin
-alone not myelosuppressive
Enzyme cell cycle specificity
Cell cycle phase non specific
Plant alkaloids cell cycle specificity
M phase
Antibiotics cell cycle specificity
Cell cycle phase nonspecific
