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Anthropologie > Anthropology Review Ch (1,2, & 4) > Flashcards

Anthropology Review Ch (1,2, & 4) Flashcards

1
Q

A primary research strategy in cultural anthropology involved and living with a community over an extended period and participate their daily activities.

A

Feildwork

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2
Q

Both participate and observe of the daily lives of the people being studied

A

Participate Observation

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3
Q

The belief that one’s own culture is better and judges others as its own standards

A

Ethnoceutrism

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4
Q

Full scope of human life, including culture, biology, history and languages across the space and time.

A

Holism

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5
Q

Bones that become stones ( inorganic matter )

A

Fossil

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6
Q

Monkeys and apes

A

Primates

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7
Q

Objects that can not be moved such as castle, pyramid.

A

Features

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8
Q

An anthropologist whom specialized on ancient garbage study

A

Garbologist

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9
Q

Analysis and comparison of ethnographic data across the culture

A

Ethnology

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10
Q

The rapid innovation of communication and transportation technologies that transforms the way people think of space and time

A

Time - Space Compression

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11
Q

Increasingly flexible strategies that corporations use to make profits

A

Flexible Accumulation

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12
Q

1- Time - Space Compression
2- Flexible Accumulation
3- Increasing Migration
4- Uneven Development among nations and regions

A

Key Dynamics of Globalization

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13
Q

A- Study of human beings

B- Study of full scope of human diversity, past and present, and the application of that knowledge to help people of different backgrounds better understand one another.

A

Anthropology

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14
Q

What are the four fields of anthropology?

A

1- Physical Anthropology
2- Archaeology
3- Lingustic Anthropology
4- Cultural Anthropology

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15
Q

Physical Anthropology

A

Also known as: Biological Anthropology

  • Study of humans from a biological perspective particularly focused on human evolution.
  • Poleo Anthropology
  • Primatology
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16
Q

Archaeology

A

The investigation of the humans past by means of excavating and analyzing artifacts and features

  • Prehistoric Archaeology
  • Historic Archaeology
  • Garbology
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17
Q

Linguistic Anthropology

A

Study of language and culture

  • Historic Linguistic
  • Sociolinguistic
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18
Q

Cultural Anthropology

A

Study of people communities, behavior, beliefs, and institutions
- Ethnology

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19
Q

System of knowledge, belief patterns of behavior artifacts and institutions that are created, learned and shared by a group of people

A

Culture

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20
Q

Process to acquire ( learn ) a culture

A

Enculturation

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21
Q

Anything that signifies something else

A

Symbols

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22
Q

Social rules and regulations- if you break then you will be punished

A

Norma

23
Q

Social suggestions- Even if you don’t fallow, you may not be penalized but if you follow, life would be easier ( or better)

A

Values

24
Q

Mental map of reality

A

Shema

25
Q

The belief that ones own culture is normal and natural then using one’s own culture to judge others

A

Ethnocentrism

26
Q

Understanding a groups beliefs and practices within their own cultural context, without “ Making Judgment”

A

Cultural Judgement

27
Q

Ability of an dominant group creat “ consent” and “ agreement “ from the general public

A

Hegemony

28
Q

Individuals or a group as decision makers

* not necessarily a leader or a politician but anyone who can influence decision- making of other people

A

Human Agency

29
Q

What are the four theories of culture?

A 
1- Early Evolutionism
( Edward B. Tylor)
2- American Historical Particularism ( Franz Boas) 
3- Structural Functionaliam 
( Bronislaw Malinowski )
4- Interpretive Anthropology 
( Clifford Geertz)
30
Q

Early Evolutionism

A

Culture evolves from simple to complex

* Edward B. Tylor

31
Q

American Historical Particularism

A

A culture is unique for a group of people from their historical past ( No Evolution, No Progress but uniqueness )
* Franz Boas

32
Q

Structural Functionalism

A

Culture is a tool for the people whom share and each individual’s must function to contribute for the operation of a society
* Bronislaw Malinowski

33
Q

Interpretive Anthropology

A

Role of an anthropologist is to interpret the culture of beholders

  • Clifford Geertz
34
Q

System of human communication based on set of symbols and sign with learned and shared meanings

A

Language

35
Q

Non-verbal communication - study of gestures, postures and facial expression: 90% of emotional information is through non- verbal communication

A

Kinesics

36
Q

Our thoughts ( ways of thinking ) is related in the language that we use

A

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

37
Q

Whole set of words in a language ( Every word in a dictionary)

A

Lexican

38
Q

A “ Particular Group of People” expresses their ideas (ex: Since 1970’s people in Internet age started to use words like model, World Wide Web, social media, etc.)

A

Focal Vocabulary

39
Q

Study of language and culture, society and even people’s social position (social class)
*language or linguistic asset and skill can be translated into “cultural capitals” which would provide the user with better social positions such as higher wages

A

Sociolinguistics

40
Q

Non- Standard variation of a language

A

Dialect

41
Q

Variation in a language and between languages appears gradually over ( physical ) distance between place

A

Language Continuum

42
Q

Alternating back and forth between more then one language

A

Code-Switching

43
Q

The study of development of language over time including the evidence of ancient peoples movement

A

Historic Linguistics

44
Q

Linguistic ability to refer to events or object for the pass or feature

A

Displacement

45
Q

Young generation whom were born after “1980”. This generation has spent there entire lives using computers, Internet, smart phone

A

Digital Natives

46
Q

The group of people that uses some digital technology but adopt the cultures system slowly in the process similar to learning new culture and new language( older generation or people without access to digital technology)

A

Digital Immigrants

47
Q

The gap between those fully able to participate in the digital age those can not

A

Digital Divide

48
Q

Social and economic struggles for worker right and democracy that are aid by social media and electronic communication

A

Digital Activism

49
Q

The percentage of emotional information through Kinesics?

A

90%

50
Q

The most spoken Language?

A

Chinease

51
Q

Noam Chemski

A

One of the most famous linguistics said “ All humans share a similar ability to learn language based on the way that our brains are wired”

52
Q

Benefits of linguistic ability as Cultural Capitals?

A

Would provide the user with better social positions such as higher wages, better jobs, and benefits.

53
Q

Oldest evidence for linguistic evidence?

A

The most conclusive evidence of linguistic ability come from the fossilized brain of Homo-Neandertals ( Caveman)

Anthropologie (7 decks)

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