Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Bacc Core OSU > Anth330 Midterm 2 > Flashcards

Anth330 Midterm 2 Flashcards

(70 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

K selected

A

fewer offspring, live birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

R selected

A

a lot of offspring at once, eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4 major primate groups

A

Prosimii - Lemurs, Lorises, Tarsiers (nocturnal, large eyes) south america.
New World Monkeys - Platyrrhini: Tamarins, howler, spider.
Old World Monkeys - Catarrhini: baboons, colubus (africa).
Apes and Humans - Hominoidera (superfamily)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Homeothermic

A

stable internal body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Isotherm

A

body temp influenced by temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Quadrupedal

A

walking on four limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bipedal

A

walking on two limbs, position of foramen magnum(hole in base of skull, spinal column), curvature of the spinal column(S shaped), shape of pelvis (bowl shaped), arch of foot(T,T joint), position of big toe, orientation of lower limbs (angled in)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Arboreal

A

adapted to life in trees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Behavioral Ecology

A

study of the evolution of behavior, emphasizing the role of ecological factors as agents of natural selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Behavior

A

anything organisms do that involves action in response to internal or external stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ecological

A

refers to relationships between organism and all aspects of their environment (temp, predators, vegetation, disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Savannah Enviro

A

large bodied, dimorphic primates, large groups, baboon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Home Range

A

geographic area within which a group of primates usually moves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dominance Hierarchies

A

ranking system:
Linear: A is above B is above C
Triangular: A is above B is above C below D below B
Coalition: A is above B+C or B+C is above A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Affiliation

A

amicable associations between individuals. (reconciliation, consolation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Altruism

A

behavior that benefits another individual but at some potential risk or cost to oneself. (ex: protect offspring)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sexual Selection

A

only operates on one sex in species
male competition and female choice
can lead to sexual dimorphism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Biological Continuum

A

organisms are related through common ancestry and that behaviors and traits seen in one species are also seen in others to varying degrees. (DEGREE rather than KIND)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fossil

A

remains of once living plants and animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Material Culture

A

Durable remains of culture such as objects, structure, and the plants and animals used by hominins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Taphonomy

A

study of the deposition of plant and animal remains and the environmental conditions affecting their preservation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Artifact

A

any object fashioned or modified by humans (ex: cell phones, hierogliphics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Features

A

non portable element such as hearth or an architectural element such as foundation that is preserved in the archeological record.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Site

A

places containing the archeological remains of previous human activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Survey
search for arch sites and collect info about the location, distribution, and organization of past humans
26
Grid System
(excavation process 1) 3D system for recording
27
Relative Dating
describing an event, object, or fossil as being older or young as another.
28
Dendrochronology
counting of the tree rings 12000-8000 BP
29
Radiocarbon Dating
measure radioactive decay of carbon | <50,000BP) (14C-12C
30
Molecular Clock
determine when branching of related species occurs from a common ancestor.
31
Hominin Clock
Human and Great Ape split: 5-7 mya | confirms with fossil evidence
32
Ethnoarchaeology
approach used by archaeologists to gain insights into the past by studying contemporary people
33
Experimental Archaeology
research that attempts to replicate anaent technology, procedures, or life ways to test a hypothesis.
34
Arboreal Hypothesis
proposes that life in the trees was responsible for enhanced visual activity and manual dexterity in primates.
35
Visual Predation Hypothesis
proposes that hunting behavior in the tree-dwelling primates was responsible for their enhanced visual activity
36
Foramen Magnum
hole in base of skull, spinal column
37
Gender
cultural traits, (man or woman identification)
38
Sexual Dimorphism
males are larger or different than females
39
Absolute Dating
determine approx computed age in archeology. also know as chronometric dating
40
Prosimian
members of a suborder of Primates, the Prosimii. traditionally, the suborder includes lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers.
41
Prehensile
grasping, as by the hands and feet of primates.
42
Diurnal
active during the day
43
Stereoscopic Vision
the condition whereby visual images are, to varying degrees, superimposed on one another. this provides dfor depth perception, or the perception of the external environment in three dimensions. stereoscopic vision is partly a function of structures in the brain.
44
Sensory Modalities
different forms of sensation (e.g. touch, pain, pressure, heat, cold, vision, taste, hearing and smell).
45
Adaptive Niche
the entire way of life of an organism; where it lives, what it eats, how it gets food, how it avoids predators, etc
46
Brachiation
a form of locomotion in which the body is suspended beneath the hands and support is alternated from one forelimb to the other; arm swinging.
47
Intelligence
mental capacity; ability to learn, reason, or comprehend and interpret information, facts, relationships, and meanings; the capacity to solve problems; whether through the application of previously acquired knowledge or through insight.
48
Derived
referring to characteristics that are modified from the ancestral condition and thus are diagnostic of particular evolutionary changes.
49
Social Structure
the composition, size and sex ratio of a group of animals. social structures, in part, are the results of natural selection in specific habitats, and they guide individual interactions and social relationships.
50
Grooming
picking through fur to remove dirt, parasites, and other materials that may be present. social grooming is common among primates and reinforces social relationships.
51
Anthropocentric
Regarding humans as the central element of the universe. | Interpreting reality exclusively in terms of human values and experience
52
Adaptive Radiation
the diversification of a group of organisms into forms filling different ecological niches
53
Stratigraphy
study of earth sediments deposited in demarcated layers (strata). Age increases with depth → the deeper into the ground, the older.
54
Sagittal Crest
A prominent ridge bone found on the cranium. Large temporal muscle attachments
55
Dental Formula
The numerical description of a species' teeth, listing the number, in one quadrant of the jaws, of incisors, canines, premolars, and molars. Platarrhine: 2.1.3.3 new world monkeys Catarrhine: 2.1.2.3 old world monkeys
56
Diastima
space between two teeth
57
Hominin
Humans and human ancestors in a more recent evolutionary taxonomy; based on genetics.
58
Olfaction
The portion of the anterior brain that detects odors.
59
Opposable
Refers to primates' thumb, in that it can touch each of the four fingertips, enabling a grasping ability.
60
Potassium Argon Dating
40K vs 40AR (>200,000 BP)
61
Anthropoids
members of a suborder of Primates, the suborder Anthropoidea. Traditionally, the suborder includes monkeys, apes, and humans
62
Binocular Vision
vision characterized by overlapping visual field provided for by forward-facing eyes.
63
Neocortex
the more recently evolved portions of the brain's cortex that are involved with higher mental functions and composed of areas that integrate incoming information from different senses.
64
Ecofact
natural materials that give environmental information about a site. Examples include plant and animal remains discarded as food waste and also pollen grains preserved in the soil
65
Seriation
relative dating method that orders artifacts into a temporal series based on their similar attributes or the frequency of these attributes
66
Radiometric Decay
a measure of the rate at which certain radioactive isotopes disintegrate
67
Half-Life
the time period in which one-half the amount of a radioactive isotope is chemically converted to a daughter product
68
Nuchal Torus
a projection of bone in the back of the cranium where neck muscles attach; used to hold up the head
69
Soft Hammer Percussion
a direct percussion method of making stone tools that uses a resilient hammer or billet to gain greater control over the length, width, and thickness of flakes driven from a core
70
Hard Hammer Percussion
A direct percussion method of making stone tools that uses one rock as a hammer to knock flakes from another rock that serves as a core

Bacc Core OSU (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions