Anterior Triangles : Muscular Traingle and Endocrine Glands Flashcards

1
Q

Boundaries of anterior triangle

A

midline of neck
inferior border of mandible
anterior border SCM

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2
Q

roof of anterior triangle of neck

A

deep investing faschia around muscles

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3
Q

floor of anterior triangle of neck

A

pretracheal faschia and carotid sheath posteriorly

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4
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

mylohyoid
digastric
geniohyoid
stylohyoid

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5
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A

omohyoid
sternohyoid
sternothryroid
thyrohyoid

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6
Q

mylohyoid muscle origin and insertion

A

o = mylohyoid line of mandible
i = body of hyoid and fibres of opposite mylohyoid

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7
Q

what muscles does the nerve to the mylohyoid (CNV3) innervate

A

mylohyoid and the anterior belly of digastric

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8
Q

action of mylohyoid

A

to reinforce oral cavity
elevates hyoid and floor of mouth

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9
Q

anterior belly of digastric origin and insertion

A

o = digastric fossa
i = intermediate tendon at hyoid

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10
Q

posterior belly of digastric origin and insertion

A

o = mastoid notch on the medial aspect of the mastoid process
i = intermediate tendon at the hyoid

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11
Q

what muscles does the CNVII digastric branch innervate

A

posterior belly of digastric

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12
Q

action of the anterior belly of digastric

A

raises hyoid and opens mouth by lowering mandible

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13
Q

action of posterior belly of digastric

A

elevates and retracts hyoids

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14
Q

sternohyoid origin and insertion

A

o = posterior surface of sternoclavicular joint and manubrium
i = body of hyoid medially

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15
Q

action of sternohyoid

A

depress hyoid after elevation during swallowing

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16
Q

what muscles does the anterior rami of C1-3 innervate through the ansa cervicalis

A

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
omohyoid

17
Q

inferior belly of omohyoid origin and insertion

A

o = superior border of scapula
i = intermediate tendon

18
Q

superior belly of omohyoid origin and insertion

A

o = intermediate tendon
i = body of hyoid laterally

19
Q

action of omohyoid

A

depresses and fixes hyoid

20
Q

thyrohyoid origin and insertion

A

o = oblique line of thyroid cartilage
i = greater horn and adjacent body of hyoid bone

21
Q

action of thyrohyoid

A

depresses hyoid
can raise larynx when hyoid is fixed

22
Q

sternothyroid origin and insertion

A

o = post surface of manubrium
i = oblique line on thyroid cartilage

23
Q

action of the sternothyroid

A

draws larynx down

24
Q

what does the anterior rami of C1 innervate and what does it run with

A

innervates thyrohyoid and geniohyoid muscles and runs with the CNXII

25
Q

General form and position of thyroid gland

A

2 lateral lobes which extend from thyroid cartilage to 5th tracheal rig which are joined by an isthmus at level of 3rd tracheal ring which can have a pyramidal lobe extending from it

26
Q

innervation of the thyroid cartilage

A

thyroid branches of cervical (sympathetic) gnalgia

27
Q

vascular supply of the thyroid gland

A

superior thyroid artery and inferior thyroid artery
potentially the thyroid ima artery

28
Q

vascular drainage of the thyroid gland and parathyroid gland

A

thyroid venous plexus which consists of the inferior middle and superior thyroid veins

29
Q

where do the superior and middle thyroid vein drain into

A

IJV

30
Q

where does the inferior thyroid vein drain into

A

brachiocephalic trunk

31
Q

what is the superior thyroid artery a branch of

A

external carotid artery

32
Q

what is the inferior thyroid artery a branch of

A

the subclavian arteries thyrocervical trunk

33
Q

which CN do the recurrent and external laryngeal nerves come from

A

vagus CNX

34
Q

where are the recurrent and external laryngeal nerves in comparison to the thyroid

A

on its posteriomedial aspect

35
Q

why is the right recurrent laryngeal nerve more at risk in an emergency airway procedure

A

loops the subclavian at level of T1-2 and is close to inferior thyroid artery whereas the left one loops lower at T4-5 level and is less close to the thyroid

36
Q

structures of importance in emergency airway situ

A

external laryngeal nerve
recurrent laryngeal nerve (esp right)
thyroid ima artery

37
Q

general form and position of the parathyroid gland

A

2 pairs - superior and inferior (4 total)
sit on posterior aspect of the thyroid
small circles

38
Q

vascular supply of the parathyroid gland

A

inferior thyroid artery