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Anatomy: head and neck > Anterior Triangle of the Neck Picture Cards > Flashcards

Anterior Triangle of the Neck Picture Cards Flashcards

1
Q

What do these drain? What do they drain into?

A

Superficial drainage, drain into the subclavian vein.

  1. External jugular vein
  2. Anterior jugular veins
  3. Jugular venous arch
  4. Platysma muscle
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2
Q

Name these triangles and the vein. What is found within #2?

A
  1. Submental triangle
  2. Muscular triangles - infrahyoid muscles and anterior jugular veins are contained in here.
  3. Jugular venous arch
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3
Q
A
  1. Mylohyoid muscle
  2. Anterior belly of digastric
  3. Posterior belly of digastric
  4. Stylohyoid
  5. Hyoid bone
  6. Thyrohyoid
  7. Sternothyroid
  8. Sternohyoid
  9. Omohyoid (superior, inferior bellies)
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4
Q

Name the muscles and their innervation. Also, which other muscle attaches to #6? What is the combined action of 1 and 2? Which remaining suprahyoid muscle is not shown and what is its innervation?

A

Supplied by nerve to mylohyoid (branch of inferior alveolar nerve from CN V3 trigeminal):

  1. Anterior belly of digastric
  2. Mylohyoid

These push the tongue towards the roof of the mouth.

Supplied by branches of the facial nerve (CN VII):

  1. Stylohyoid
  2. Posterior belly of digastric

Other structures:

  1. Intermediate tendon and fascial sling for the digastric m.
  2. Mastoid process - SCM attaches here, too.

Other suprahyoid muscle is the geniohyoid, innervated by C1 via hypoglossal.

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5
Q

Also name the actions of 5, 6, and 8

A
  1. Groove for nerve to mylohyoid
  2. Mandibular foramen
  3. Mylohyoid line
  4. Raphe
  5. Mylohyoid muscle - elevates hyoid, depresses mandible, elevates floor of mouth.
  6. Anterior belly of digastric muscle - elevates hyoid, depresses mandible
  7. Submandibular gland
  8. Geniohyoid muscles - pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly
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6
Q

Name the stuff. Which triangle contains these things?

A

Submandibular triangle

  1. Great auricular nerve
  2. Accessory nerve
  3. Retromandibular vein
  4. Submandibular gland
  5. Digastric, anterior belly
  6. Facial artery
  7. Submandibular lymph nodes
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7
Q
A
  1. Facial artery
  2. Mylohyoid muscle
  3. Mylohyoid nerve
  4. Mylohyoid artery
  5. Hypoglossal nerve
  6. Facial artery and submental branch
  7. C1 via hypoglossal
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8
Q

For 1 and 3, name the holes that they go through.

A
  1. Inferior alveolar nerve (from CN V3 trigeminal) - goes through the mandibular foramen to give sensation to the teeth.
  2. Nerve to mylohyoid (note that it is a branch of the inferior alveolar); also innervatets anterior digastric belly.
  3. Facial nerve (CN VII) - emerges from the stylomastoid foramen.
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9
Q
A
  1. Facial nerve
  2. Branches of facial nerve
  3. Digastric (posterior belly)
  4. Spinal accessory nerve
  5. Occipital artery
  6. Vagus nerve
  7. Internal jugular vein
  8. Internal carotid artery
  9. Hypoglossal nerve
  10. Glossopharyngeal nerve
  11. Stylohyoid muscle
  12. Styloid process
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10
Q
A
  1. Sternohyoid
  2. Omohyoid (superior belly)
  3. Omohyoid (inferior belly)
  4. Sternothyroid
  5. Thyrohyoid
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11
Q
A
  1. CN XII
  2. C1
  3. C2
  4. C3
  5. Omohyoid inferior belly
  6. Sternothyroid
  7. Omohyoid superior belly
  8. Sternohyoid
  9. Thyrohyoid
  10. Geniohyoid
  11. C1 root - piggyback on hypoglossal
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12
Q
A
  1. Hypoglossal nerve
  2. C1 branch via hypoglossal
  3. Ansa cervicalis
  4. Common carotid artery
  5. Vagus nerve
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13
Q
A
  1. Submandibular gland
  2. Hypoglossal nerve
  3. C1 via hypoglossal
  4. Mylohyoid muscle
  5. Omohyoid
  6. Sternohyoid
  7. Hyoid bone
  8. Geniohyoid
  9. Lingual nerve
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14
Q
A
  1. Omohyoid superior belly
  2. Sternohyoid
  3. SCM
  4. External carotid artery
  5. Common carotid artery
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15
Q
A
  1. Vertebral artery
  2. Deep cervical artery
  3. Costocervical artery
  4. Supreme intercostal artery
  5. Ascending cervical artery
  6. Inferior thyroid artery
  7. Transverse cervical artery
  8. Thyrocervical trunk
  9. Suprascapular artery
  10. Internal thoracic artery
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16
Q

Also name which structure is at risk during thyroid removal.

A
  1. Phrenic nerve
  2. Anterior scalene muscle
  3. Transverse cervical artery
  4. Suprascapular artery
  5. Right subclavian vein
  6. Thyrocervical trunk
  7. Right recurrent laryngeal nerve - at risk during thyroid removal
  8. Right vagus nerve
  9. Inferior thyroid artery
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17
Q
A
  1. Transverse cervical artery
  2. Suprascapular artery
  3. Subclavian artery
  4. Anterior scalene muscle
  5. Subclavian vein
18
Q
A
  1. Right vagus nerve
  2. Right phrenic nerve
  3. Thyrocervical trunk
  4. Right brachiocephalic vein
  5. Superior vena cava
  6. Left brachiocephalic vein
19
Q
A
  1. Occipital artery
  2. Posterior auricular artery
  3. Ascending pharyngeal artery
  4. Internal carotid artery
  5. Superior thyroid artery
  6. External carotid artery
  7. Lingual artery
  8. Facial artery
  9. Maxillary artery
  10. Superficial temporal artery

SALFOPSMax from inferior to superior

20
Q
A
  1. Anterior cerebral arteries
  2. Middle cerebral arteries
  3. Internal carotid arteries
  4. Posterior communicating artery
  5. Basilar artery
  6. Vertebral arteries
21
Q
A
  1. Vagus nerve
  2. Superior cervical ganglion - where postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies live
  3. Middle cervical ganglion - also where postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies live
  4. Internal laryngeal nerve & superior laryngeal artery
  5. External laryngeal nerve
  6. Right recurrent laryngeal nerve
  7. Vagus nerve
22
Q
A
  1. Occipital vein
  2. Internal jugular vein
  3. External jugular vein
  4. Subclavian vein
  5. Right brachiocephalic vein
  6. SVC
  7. Left brachiocephalic vein
  8. Inferior thyroid vein
  9. Anterior jugular vein
  10. Inferior bulb of internal jugular vein
  11. Middle thyroid vein
  12. Superior thyroid vein
  13. The pairs of thyroid veins
  14. Lingual vein
  15. Facial vein
  16. Pharyngeal vein
23
Q

Name these nodes. Which one will enlarge if there is an infection of the pharynx or tonsils? Which one makes connections with nodes in the thorax?

A
  1. Occipital
  2. Mastoid
  3. Parotid
  4. Submandibular
  5. Jugulo-digastric node - will enlarge if there is an infection of the pharynx or tonsils.
  6. Superficial cervical nodes
  7. Supraclavicular nodes - make connections with nodes in the thorax.
  8. Deep cervical nodes
  9. Submental nodes
24
Q

Name the nodes that drain these three regions as seen in the drawing.

A
  1. Occipital nodes
  2. Mastoid nodes
  3. Parotid nodes
25
Into what does lymph from the right and left jugular trunks drain into?
The right one drains into the right lymphatic duct --\> right venous angle (between the subclavian and IJV). The left one drains into the thoracic duct --\> left venous angle.
26
1. Superior thyroid artery 2. Common carotid artery 3. Subclavian artery 4. Subclavian vein 5. Brachiocephalic trunk 6. Internal jugular vein
27
Name these structures. What does #4 run within?
1. Cricoid cartilage 2. Superior thyroid artery 3. Inferior thyroid artery 4. Recurrent laryngeal nerve - runs within a groove between the trachea and esophagus
28
1. Superior thyroid vein 2. Middle thyroid vein 3. Inferior thyroid vein 4. Left recurrent laryngeal nerve 5. Inferior thyroid artery 6. Pyramidal lobe of the thyroid (remnant of the thyroglossal duct) 7. Superior thyroid artery
29
What happened?
thyroglossal duct cyst
30
1. Internal jugular vein 2. Common carotid artery (has not bifurcated, does that at C4/C5) 3. Thyroid 4. Sternohyoid 5. Sternothyroid 6. Sternocleidomastoid 7. Esophagus 8. Vertebral artery and vein 9. Scalenes
31
Name these muscles and their innervation.
1. Sternothyroid - inferior and superior roots of the ansa cervicalis 2. Sternohyoid - superior root of the ansa cervicalis 3. Thyrohyoid - C1 via hypoglossal
32
Name these nerves. What muscle group do these nerves supply?
1. Superior root of ansa cervicalis 2. Inferior root of ansa cervicalis They supply the infrahyoid muscles (except thyrohyoid, that is supplied by C1 via hypoglossal)
33
What is this? What operation involves cutting through this?
Cricothyroid membrane, a cricothyrotomy cuts through it.
34
Name these things and what they do. Name the nerves that are involved.
Carotid sinus - monitor BP. Carotid sinus nerve from CN IX/glossopharyngeal nerve sends the afferent signal to the hypothalamus, vagus nerve tells the heart to slow down.
35
What is this and what is it a remnant of?
Pyramidal lobe of the thyroid, a remnant of the thyroglossal duct.
36
Name the muscle and its innervation.
Geniohyoid muscle, innervated by C1 via hypoglossal.
37
Name the muscle and its innervation. What is the thing called in the middle of the muscle? What muscle is immediately superficial to this one?
Mylohyoid muscle, innervated by nerve to mylohyoid (branch of the inferior alveolar nerve - CN V3). The white stuff in the middle is the raphe. The anterior belly of the digastric is superficial to this muscle.
38
Name the muscle and its innervation.
Anterior belly of digastric muscle, supplied by nerve to mylohyoid (branch of the inferior alveolar nerve - CN V3)
39
Name these veins and that triangle.
Anterior jugular veins (in green), mental triangle. #2 is the jugular venous arch.
40
Do it.
1. Sternohyoid 2. Sternothyroid 3. Omohyoid superior belly 4. Thyrohyoid 5. Superior thyroid artery 6. Common carotid artery 7. External carotid artery 8. Superior root of ansa cervicalis 9. Internal jugular vein 10. Internal carotid artery 11. Great auricular nerve 12. Stylohyoid 13. Hypoglossal nerves 14. Inferior root of ansa cervicalis 15. Brachial plexus 16. Cervical plexus 17. Phrenic nerve
41
1. Anterior belly of digastric 2. Posterior belly of digastric 3. Internal jugular vein 4. Transverse cervical artery 5. Suprascapular artery 6. Brachial plexus

Anatomy: head and neck (31 decks)

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