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► Med Misc 25 > Anterior Thigh Muscles > Flashcards

Anterior Thigh Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What can the musculature of the thigh be split into?

A

Anterior, medial and posterior

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2
Q

What does each compartment of the thigh have?

A

Distinct innervation and function

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3
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh innervated by?

A

The femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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4
Q

As a general rule, what do the muscles of the anterior thigh do?

A

Extend the leg at the knee joint

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5
Q

What muscles are in the anterior thigh?

A

Pectineus
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
The end of the iliopsoas muscle passes into the anterior compartment

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6
Q

What is the iliopsoas muscle made up of?

A

Two muscles, the psoas major and the iliacus

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7
Q

Why is the iliopsoas commonly referred to as one muscle

A

Although they originate in different areas, but come together to form a tendon

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8
Q

How is the iliopsoas unlike many of the other anterior thigh muscles?

A

It doesn’t extend the leg at the knee joint

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9
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the psoas major?

A

Sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs between them

Transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae

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10
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the iliacus?

A

Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacro-iliac ligaments

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11
Q

What is the distal attachment of the psoas major?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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12
Q

What is the distal attachment of the iliacus?

A

Tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter and femur distal to it

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the psoas major?

A

Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2, L3)

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

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15
Q

What is the arterial supply to the psoas major?

A

Lumbar arteries

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16
Q

What is the arterial supply of the iliacus?

A

Branches of the medial circumflex femoral artery

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17
Q

What is the main action of the iliopsoas?

A

Flexes the thigh at the hip joint

Stabilising joint

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18
Q

What muscle assist in the action of the iliopsoas?

A

Psoas minor

19
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the psoas minor?

A

Sides of T12-L1 vertebrae and intervertebral discs

20
Q

What is the distal attachment of the psoas minor?

A

Pectineal line, iliopectineal eminence via iliopubic arch

21
Q

What is the innervation of the psoas minor?

A

Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2)

22
Q

What is the arterial supply of the psoas minor?

A

Lumbar arteries

23
Q

What does the quadriceps femoris consist of?

A

Four individual muscles- the three vastus muscles, and the rectus femoris

24
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the rectus femoris?

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium superior to the acetabulum

25
Q

What is the proximal attachment to the vastus lateralis?

A

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

26
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the vastus medialis?

A

Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of the linear aspera of femur

27
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the vastus intermedius?

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

28
Q

What is the distal attachment of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Via common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) and independent attachments to the base of the patella
Indirectly via the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity
Medial and lateral vasti also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (medial and lateral patellar retinacula)

29
Q

What is the innervation of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

30
Q

What is the main action of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Extend leg at knee joint

31
Q

What does the rectus femoris do?

A

Steadies the hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex thigh

32
Q

Where does the sartorius run?

A

Across the thigh in a inferomedial direction

33
Q

Where is the sartorius positioned?

A

More superficially that the other muscles in the leg

34
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the sartorius?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine and superior part of notch inferior to it

35
Q

What is the distal attachment of the sartorius?

A

Superior part of the medial surface of tibia

36
Q

What is the innervation of the sartorius?

A

Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

37
Q

What is the arterial supply of the sartorius?

A

Branches of the medial circumflex femoral artery

38
Q

What is the main action of the sartorius?

A

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint
Flexes leg at knee joint (medially rotating leg when knee is flexed)

39
Q

What is the pectineus?

A

A flat muscle that forms the base of the femoral triangle

40
Q

What can the pectineus be considered as?

A

A transitional muscle between the anterior thigh and medial thigh compartments

41
Q

Why can the pectineus be considered as a transitional muscle?

A

Because it has dual innervation

42
Q

What can be tested in suspected femoral nerve damage?

A

The quadriceps femoris

43
Q

How are the quadriceps femoris muscles be tested?

A

The patient lies supine, with the knee slightly flexed. The patient is asked to extend the leg against resistance. The contraction of the quadriceps femoris should be visible

► Med Misc 25 (69 decks)

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