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Anatomy II > Anterior Neck > Flashcards

Anterior Neck Flashcards

0
Q

contents of submental triangle (2)

A

small submental lymph nodes,

small veins that unite to form anterior jugular vein.

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1
Q

Borders of Submental Triangle

red

A

A: mandible
L: anterior belly of digastric
I: Hyoid bone
M: midline of neck

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2
Q

submandibular triangle borders

blue

A

S: inferior border of mandible
A: anterior belly of digastric muscle
P: posterior belly of digastric muscle

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3
Q

submanidular triangle contents (6)

sssmfh

A 
submandibular gland,
submandibular lymph nodes, 
hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
nerve to myohyloid
parts of facial artery and vein
submental artery
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4
Q

carotid triangle borders

green

A

S: posterior belly of digastric
I/M: superior belly of omohyoid
L: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

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5
Q

carotid triangle contains (6)

cjchav

A 
common carotid division to internal and external
internal jugular vein
deep cervical lymph nodes
vagus nerve
branches of hypoglossal
ansa cervicalis
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6
Q

muscular triangle borders

A 
S: hyoid bone
S/L: superior belly of omohoid
I/L: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
inferior: sternal notch
medial: midline of neck.
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7
Q

muscular triangle contains

A

infrahyoid muscles

thyroid and parathyroid glands

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8
Q

mylohyoid nerve

A

branch of inferior alveolar

from mandibular nerve, CN V3

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9
Q

mylohyoid action

A

elevated hyoid, floor of mouth & tongue

during swallowing and speaking

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10
Q

geniohyoid attachments

A

inferior mental spine of mandible

body of hyoid

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11
Q

geniohyoid nerve

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

CNXII

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12
Q

geniohyoid actions

A

pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly; shortens floor of mouth, widens pharynx

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13
Q

stylohyoid attachments

A

styloid process of temporal bone,

body of hyoid

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14
Q

stylohyoid nerve

A

stylohyoid branch of the facial nerve (CNXII)

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15
Q

stylohyoid actions

A

elevates and retracts hyoid, thus elongating floor of the mouth

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16
Q

digastric attachments

A

anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible
posterior: mastoid notch of temporal bone

intermediate: tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid

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17
Q

digastric nerves

A

anterior: nerve to mylohyoid (branch of alveolar)

posterior digastric branch of facila nerve CN XII

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18
Q

digastric actions

A

works w/infrahyoid, depresses mandible against resistance, elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking

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19
Q

sternohyoid attachments

A

manubrium of sternum & medial end of clavicle

body of hyoid

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20
Q

sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid nerve

A

C1-3 by branch of ansa cervicalis

sternothyroid just C2 & C3

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22
Q

omohyoid attachments

A

superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch

inferior border of hyoid

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23
Q

omohyoid actions

A

depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid

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24
Q

sternothyroid attachments

A

posterior surface of manubrium of sternum

oblique line of thyroid cartilage

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25
Q

sternothyroid and thyrohyoid actions

A

depresses hyoid and larynx

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26
Q

thyrohyoid attachments

A

oblique line of thyroid cartilage

inferior border of boy and greater horn of hyoid

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27
Q

thyrohyoid nerve

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

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40
Q

action sternohyoid

A

depressed hyiod after elevation during swallowing

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41
Q

compartments of neck

A

somatic and visceral

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42
Q

fascial layers

A

investing: all, even SCM and trap
pretrachial: infrahyoid muscles and viscera
prevertebral: sheath for vertebral column and associated muscles

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43
Q

associated muscles of cervical vertebrae

A

longus colli and longus capitis (A)
scalenes (lateral)
deep cervical muscles (P)

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44
Q

fascial planes determine

A

direction infection spreads

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45
Q

mastoid process

A

temporal bone bump behind ear

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46
Q

styloid process

A

temporal bone, spike behind jaw

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47
Q

vertebral prominens

A

C7, nonbifurcated, nuchal ligament attaches

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48
Q

hyoglossus

A

extrinisic muscle of tongue, attaches to hyoid bone but is not infrahyoid

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49
Q

external carotid branches

SALFOPMS

A 
superior thyroid artery
ascending pharyngeal artery
lingual artery
facial artery
occipital artery
posterior auricular
maxillary
superficial temporal
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50
Q

superior thyroid artery

A

runs deep to infrahyoid muscles to thyroid gland

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51
Q

branches of superior thyroid

A

to infrahyoid muscles (which?)
to SCM
+ superior laryngeal artery

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52
Q

ascending pharyngeal artery

A

only medial branch of external carotid

first or second branch

53
Q

ascending pharyngeal branches

A

to pharynx
to vertebral muscles,
to middle ear,
to cranial meninges

54
Q

lingual artery

A

arches superoanteriorly deep to CN XII & stylohyoid,

goes to hyoglossus

55
Q

lingual artery branches

A

bifurcates into deep lingual and sublingual arteries

56
Q

facial artery

A

common with or above lingual, branches before passing under digastric, then
SUPERFICIAL to mandible

57
Q

branches of facial artery

A

palantine artery, tonsillar branch (before mandible)

submental artery, facial arteries

58
Q

Occipital artery

A

posterior, superior, and parallel to posterior belly of digastric
ends in posterior scalp

59
Q

maxillary artery

A

deep to the ramus (perpendicular part) of the mandible

60
Q

superficial temporal artery

A

one terminal branch of external carotid.

smaller than maxillary, appears as continuation of carotid

61
Q

C1-C4

A

ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves in carotid triangle

62
Q

contents of carotid sheath

A

common and internal carotid, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve

63
Q

cranial nerves

A

12 sets emerge from the brain.
All PNS except CNII (optic)
All from brainstem except I & II (cerebrum)

64
Q

cranial nerve ganglia originate

A

in the CNS

65
Q

CNI

A

olfactory

from cerebrum

66
Q

CNII

A

optic

from cerebrum
not PNS

67
Q

CNIII

A

oculomotor

68
Q

CNIV

A

trochlear

69
Q

CNV

A

trigeminal

70
Q

CNVI

A

abducens

71
Q

CNVII

A

facial

72
Q

CNVIII

A

acoustic

73
Q

CNIX

A

glossopharyngeal

74
Q

CNX

A

vagus

75
Q

branches of vagus nerve

A

superior and recurrent laryngeal

76
Q

superior laryngeal branches

A

external, to cricoid

internal: pierces thryohyoid membrane

77
Q

recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

in crevice between trachea and esophagus

78
Q

thyroid gland blood supply

A

inferior: from thyrocervical trunk of subclavian artery
superior: thyroid arteries (from external carotid)

79
Q

thyroid gland innervation

A

nerves of thyroid

from superior, middle and inferior cervical sympathetic ganglia

80
Q

parathyroid lesions cause

A

tetany, a severe convulsive disorder

81
Q

superficial cervical lymph nodes accompany

A

external jugular

82
Q

deep cervical lymph nodes accompany

A

internal jugular vein

83
Q

head and neck lymph nodes drain

A

to jugular trunks,

empty into venous system at LEFT side junction of brachiocephalic and cephalic veins

84
Q

all cervical vertebrae have

A

transverse foramina.

only 2-7 have bodies

85
Q

first pharyngeal arch

A

CNV, trigeminal=mylohyoid, anterior belly of the digastric

86
Q

second pharyngeal arch

A

CNVII, facial nerve: stylohyoid (and its ligaments), posterior belly of digastric, part of hyoid bone.

87
Q

Third pharyngeal arch

A

CNIX: glossopharyngeal muscles, stylopharyngeus, part of hyoid bone, common and internal carotid arteries

88
Q

fourth and sixth pharyngeal arch

A

CNX vagus nerve. cricothyroid, pharyngeal constrictors, intrinsic muscles of the larynx, striated esophagus, laryngeal cartilages

89
Q

thyroid hormone

A

from thyroid, controls rate of metabolism

90
Q

calcitonin

A

from thyroid, controls Ca metabolism

91
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

from parathyroid, Ca and phosphorous metabolism

92
Q

brachiocephalic trunk

A

right side only.
largest branch of the arch of the aorta.
becomes right common carotid and right subclavian artery

93
Q

left subclavian artery

A

arises directly from arch of the aorta

94
Q

branches of the subclavian artery

VITCD

A 
vertebral
internal thoracic
thyrocervical trunk
costocervical trunk
dorsal scapular
95
Q

vertebral artery

A

superior path, enters transverse foramen of C6

96
Q

parts of vertebral artery

A

cervical, vertebral, suboccipital, cranial

97
Q

internal thoracic

A

heads inferior, toward thorax, no branches

98
Q

thyrocervical trunk branches

(T)TSIA

A

trnasverse cervical (trapezius)
suprascapular (to spinatuses)
inferior thyroid
ascending cervical

99
Q

costocervical trunk

A

more posterior than T,

splits to deep cervical and superior intercostal

100
Q

dorsal scapular artery

A

may be alone or in thryocervical trunk.

to lev. scapulae and the rhomboids

101
Q

phrenic nerve

A

C4, some C3/5
to diaphragm
passes anterior to ant. scalene and subclavian artery

102
Q

horner’s syndrome

A

cervical sympathetic trunk lesions: pupillary constriction, droop in eyelid (ptosis), sinking eyeball (enophthalmos), vasodilation, no sweating on face or neck.

103
Q

general action of prevertebral muscles

A

flexion of neck, flexion of head on neck, lateral flexion, elevate ribs in forced respiration

104
Q

CNV1

A

opthalmic branch of trigeminal

105
Q

CNV2

A

miaxillary branch of trigeminal nerve

106
Q

CNV3

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal

107
Q

Cranial Nerve Names

OOOTTAFAGVAH

A 
olfactory
optic
occulomotor
trochlear
trigeminal
abducens
facial
glosspharyngeal
vagus
accessory
hypoglossal
108
Q

hyoid superior attachments
lateral to medial

CHDSGM

A 
(middle) constrictor of pharynx
hyoglossus
digastric loop
stylohyoid
geniohyoid
mylohyoid
109
Q

great horn hyoid attachments

A

middle constrictor of pharynx
hyloglossus

(both all along it, C posterior)

110
Q

lesser horn hyoid attachments

A

stylohyoid ligament, middle constrictor of pharynx

111
Q

inferior hyoid attachements
lateral to median

tos

A

thyrohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid

Anatomy II (8 decks)

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