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Anatomy II > Anterior Neck > Flashcards

Anterior Neck Flashcards

0
Q

contents of submental triangle (2)

A

small submental lymph nodes,

small veins that unite to form anterior jugular vein.

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1
Q

Borders of Submental Triangle

red

A

A: mandible
L: anterior belly of digastric
I: Hyoid bone
M: midline of neck

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2
Q

submandibular triangle borders

blue

A

S: inferior border of mandible
A: anterior belly of digastric muscle
P: posterior belly of digastric muscle

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3
Q

submanidular triangle contents (6)

sssmfh

A 
submandibular gland,
submandibular lymph nodes, 
hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
nerve to myohyloid
parts of facial artery and vein
submental artery
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4
Q

carotid triangle borders

green

A

S: posterior belly of digastric
I/M: superior belly of omohyoid
L: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

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5
Q

carotid triangle contains (6)

cjchav

A 
common carotid division to internal and external
internal jugular vein
deep cervical lymph nodes
vagus nerve
branches of hypoglossal
ansa cervicalis
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6
Q

muscular triangle borders

A 
S: hyoid bone
S/L: superior belly of omohoid
I/L: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
inferior: sternal notch
medial: midline of neck.
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7
Q

muscular triangle contains

A

infrahyoid muscles

thyroid and parathyroid glands

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8
Q

mylohyoid nerve

A

branch of inferior alveolar

from mandibular nerve, CN V3

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9
Q

mylohyoid action

A

elevated hyoid, floor of mouth & tongue

during swallowing and speaking

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10
Q

geniohyoid attachments

A

inferior mental spine of mandible

body of hyoid

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11
Q

geniohyoid nerve

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

CNXII

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12
Q

geniohyoid actions

A

pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly; shortens floor of mouth, widens pharynx

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13
Q

stylohyoid attachments

A

styloid process of temporal bone,

body of hyoid

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14
Q

stylohyoid nerve

A

stylohyoid branch of the facial nerve (CNXII)

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15
Q

stylohyoid actions

A

elevates and retracts hyoid, thus elongating floor of the mouth

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16
Q

digastric attachments

A

anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible
posterior: mastoid notch of temporal bone

intermediate: tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid

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17
Q

digastric nerves

A

anterior: nerve to mylohyoid (branch of alveolar)

posterior digastric branch of facila nerve CN XII

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18
Q

digastric actions

A

works w/infrahyoid, depresses mandible against resistance, elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking

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19
Q

sternohyoid attachments

A

manubrium of sternum & medial end of clavicle

body of hyoid

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20
Q

sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid nerve

A

C1-3 by branch of ansa cervicalis

sternothyroid just C2 & C3

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22
Q

omohyoid attachments

A

superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch

inferior border of hyoid

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23
Q

omohyoid actions

A

depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid

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24
Q

sternothyroid attachments

A

posterior surface of manubrium of sternum

oblique line of thyroid cartilage

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25
sternothyroid and thyrohyoid actions
depresses hyoid and larynx
26
thyrohyoid attachments
oblique line of thyroid cartilage | inferior border of boy and greater horn of hyoid
27
thyrohyoid nerve
C1 via hypoglossal nerve
40
action sternohyoid
depressed hyiod after elevation during swallowing
41
compartments of neck
somatic and visceral
42
fascial layers
investing: all, even SCM and trap pretrachial: infrahyoid muscles and viscera prevertebral: sheath for vertebral column and associated muscles
43
associated muscles of cervical vertebrae
longus colli and longus capitis (A) scalenes (lateral) deep cervical muscles (P)
44
fascial planes determine
direction infection spreads
45
mastoid process
temporal bone bump behind ear
46
styloid process
temporal bone, spike behind jaw
47
vertebral prominens
C7, nonbifurcated, nuchal ligament attaches
48
hyoglossus
extrinisic muscle of tongue, attaches to hyoid bone but is not infrahyoid
49
external carotid branches SALFOPMS
``` superior thyroid artery ascending pharyngeal artery lingual artery facial artery occipital artery posterior auricular maxillary superficial temporal ```
50
superior thyroid artery
runs deep to infrahyoid muscles to thyroid gland
51
branches of superior thyroid
to infrahyoid muscles (which?) to SCM + superior laryngeal artery
52
ascending pharyngeal artery
only medial branch of external carotid | first or second branch
53
ascending pharyngeal branches
to pharynx to vertebral muscles, to middle ear, to cranial meninges
54
lingual artery
arches superoanteriorly deep to CN XII & stylohyoid, | goes to hyoglossus
55
lingual artery branches
bifurcates into deep lingual and sublingual arteries
56
facial artery
common with or above lingual, branches before passing under digastric, then SUPERFICIAL to mandible
57
branches of facial artery
palantine artery, tonsillar branch (before mandible) | submental artery, facial arteries
58
Occipital artery
posterior, superior, and parallel to posterior belly of digastric ends in posterior scalp
59
maxillary artery
deep to the ramus (perpendicular part) of the mandible
60
superficial temporal artery
one terminal branch of external carotid. | smaller than maxillary, appears as continuation of carotid
61
C1-C4
ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves in carotid triangle
62
contents of carotid sheath
common and internal carotid, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve
63
cranial nerves
12 sets emerge from the brain. All PNS except CNII (optic) All from brainstem except I & II (cerebrum)
64
cranial nerve ganglia originate
in the CNS
65
CNI
olfactory from cerebrum
66
CNII
optic from cerebrum not PNS
67
CNIII
oculomotor
68
CNIV
trochlear
69
CNV
trigeminal
70
CNVI
abducens
71
CNVII
facial
72
CNVIII
acoustic
73
CNIX
glossopharyngeal
74
CNX
vagus
75
branches of vagus nerve
superior and recurrent laryngeal
76
superior laryngeal branches
external, to cricoid | internal: pierces thryohyoid membrane
77
recurrent laryngeal nerve
in crevice between trachea and esophagus
78
thyroid gland blood supply
inferior: from thyrocervical trunk of subclavian artery superior: thyroid arteries (from external carotid)
79
thyroid gland innervation
nerves of thyroid | from superior, middle and inferior cervical sympathetic ganglia
80
parathyroid lesions cause
tetany, a severe convulsive disorder
81
superficial cervical lymph nodes accompany
external jugular
82
deep cervical lymph nodes accompany
internal jugular vein
83
head and neck lymph nodes drain
to jugular trunks, | empty into venous system at LEFT side junction of brachiocephalic and cephalic veins
84
all cervical vertebrae have
transverse foramina. | only 2-7 have bodies
85
first pharyngeal arch
CNV, trigeminal=mylohyoid, anterior belly of the digastric
86
second pharyngeal arch
CNVII, facial nerve: stylohyoid (and its ligaments), posterior belly of digastric, part of hyoid bone.
87
Third pharyngeal arch
CNIX: glossopharyngeal muscles, stylopharyngeus, part of hyoid bone, common and internal carotid arteries
88
fourth and sixth pharyngeal arch
CNX vagus nerve. cricothyroid, pharyngeal constrictors, intrinsic muscles of the larynx, striated esophagus, laryngeal cartilages
89
thyroid hormone
from thyroid, controls rate of metabolism
90
calcitonin
from thyroid, controls Ca metabolism
91
parathyroid hormone
from parathyroid, Ca and phosphorous metabolism
92
brachiocephalic trunk
right side only. largest branch of the arch of the aorta. becomes right common carotid and right subclavian artery
93
left subclavian artery
arises directly from arch of the aorta
94
branches of the subclavian artery VITCD
``` vertebral internal thoracic thyrocervical trunk costocervical trunk dorsal scapular ```
95
vertebral artery
superior path, enters transverse foramen of C6
96
parts of vertebral artery
cervical, vertebral, suboccipital, cranial
97
internal thoracic
heads inferior, toward thorax, no branches
98
thyrocervical trunk branches | (T)TSIA
trnasverse cervical (trapezius) suprascapular (to spinatuses) inferior thyroid ascending cervical
99
costocervical trunk
more posterior than T, | splits to deep cervical and superior intercostal
100
dorsal scapular artery
may be alone or in thryocervical trunk. | to lev. scapulae and the rhomboids
101
phrenic nerve
C4, some C3/5 to diaphragm passes anterior to ant. scalene and subclavian artery
102
horner's syndrome
cervical sympathetic trunk lesions: pupillary constriction, droop in eyelid (ptosis), sinking eyeball (enophthalmos), vasodilation, no sweating on face or neck.
103
general action of prevertebral muscles
flexion of neck, flexion of head on neck, lateral flexion, elevate ribs in forced respiration
104
CNV1
opthalmic branch of trigeminal
105
CNV2
miaxillary branch of trigeminal nerve
106
CNV3
mandibular branch of trigeminal
107
Cranial Nerve Names OOOTTAFAGVAH
``` olfactory optic occulomotor trochlear trigeminal abducens facial glosspharyngeal vagus accessory hypoglossal ```
108
hyoid superior attachments lateral to medial CHDSGM
``` (middle) constrictor of pharynx hyoglossus digastric loop stylohyoid geniohyoid mylohyoid ```
109
great horn hyoid attachments
middle constrictor of pharynx hyloglossus (both all along it, C posterior)
110
lesser horn hyoid attachments
stylohyoid ligament, middle constrictor of pharynx
111
inferior hyoid attachements lateral to median tos
thyrohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid

Anatomy II (8 decks)

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