Anterior Cervical Triangle

Question 1

innervation of platysma m?

Answer 1

cervical br of CN VII

Question 2

muscular contents of ant cerv tri

Answer 2

suprahyoids and infrahyoids

Question 3

innervation of suprahyoid mm

Answer 3

stylohyoid: CN VII
geniohyoid: ant ramus C1
ant digastric: mylohyoid br of V3
post digastric: CN VII
mylohyoid: mylohyoid br V3

Question 4

innervation infrahyoid mm

Answer 4

all ansa cervicalis EXCEPT thyrohyoid (ant ramus C1 via CN XII - n to thryohyoid)

Question 5

venous contents of ant cerv tri

Answer 5

anterior jugular v
communicating br
retromandibular v

Question 6

what forms retromandibular v?

Answer 6

superficial temporal and maxiallary vv

Question 7

where does facial vein drain?

Answer 7

IJV

Question 8

arteries in ant cerv tri

Answer 8

common carotid (R from brachiocephalic tr, L from AOA)

Question 9

brs of external carotid a

Answer 9

Ant: Superior thyroid, lingual, facial
Post: Ascending pharyngeal, occipital, posterior auricular

Question 10

what are the terminal brs of external carotid a?

Answer 10

superior temporal a

maxillary a

Question 11

spinal nerves in ant cerv tri

Answer 11

1. transverse cervical (C2-C3): cutaneous innervation to skin of triangle
2. ansa cervicalis (ant rami from C-C3): innervates infrahyoids BUT thyrohyoid, loops on IJV

Question 12

borders of submental triangle

Answer 12

inf: hyoid bone
lat: R and L ant bellies of digastric

Question 13

contents of submandibular triangle

Answer 13

mylohyoid, submental lymphnodes, small veins

Question 14

borders of submandibular triangle

Answer 14

sup: inf border of mandible
ant: ant belly of digastric m
post: post belly of digastric m

Question 15

br of superior thyroid a

Answer 15

superior laryngeal a

Question 16

contents of carotid sheath

Answer 16

carotid a (common and internal aa), IJV, vagus n

Question 17

cranial nerves of ant cerv tri

Answer 17

CN VII, IX, X, XI, XII

Question 18

contents of submandibular triangle

Answer 18

• submand gland and lymph nodes
• mand br of CN VII, XII, mylohyoid n (CV V3)
• facial a and v

Question 19

muscular triangle borders

Answer 19

sup: hyoid bone
lat: sup belly of omohyoid and SCM
med: midline of neck

Question 20

contents of muscular triangle

Answer 20

• infrahyoid mm
• thyroid/parathyroid glands
• trachea, esophagus
• common carotid a
• IJV

Question 21

borders of carotid triangle

Answer 21

sup: stylohyoid and post belly of digastric
post: SCM
anteroinf: sup belly of omohyoid

Question 22

contents of carotid triangle

Answer 22

• n (CN X, laryngeal nn, CN XI, CN XII, ansa cervicalis)
• a (C, I and E carotid aa, brs of ECA)
• v (all drain to IJV)

Question 23

thyroid cartilage

Answer 23

AKA laryngeal prominence, adams apple, thyrohyoid membrane

Question 24

aa of thyroid gland

Answer 24

1. sup thyroid a
2. inf thyroid a (from thyrocervical tr, from subclavian)
3. thyroid ima a

Question 25

vv of thyroid gland

Answer 25

1. sup thyroid v- drain to IJV
2. middle thyroid v- drain to IJV
3. inferior thyroid v- drain to brachiocephalic v

Question 26

root of neck arteries

Answer 26

subclavian (vertebral, thyrocervical trunk, internal thoracic)

Question 27

brs of thyrocervical tr

Answer 27

1. inf thyroid a (gives ascending cervical a)
2. transverse cervical a*
3. suprascapular a*

*cross anterior scalene m and run in opposite directions from each other

Question 28

vertebral a and v

Answer 28

enter transverse foramen of C6, passes up to C1

-v drains to brachiocephalic

Question 29

root of neck nerves

Answer 29

1. phrenic (C3-C5)
2. CN X (recurrent laryngeal)
3. sympathetics

Question 30

vagus n in root of neck

Answer 30

• provides all parasympathetic innervation to neck

- brs: recurrent laryngeal nn (L: under AOA, R: around R subclavian a)

Question 31

sympathetic trunk

Answer 31

• from base of skull to coccyx
• connected to each spinal n by grey ramus communicans
• superior, middle (post to thyroid gland), and inferior cervical ganglion

Question 32

thoracic duct

Answer 32

• major lymphatic channel draining from left upper limb, head, neck, thorax, abdomen, and LL
• lies posterior to esophagus
• drains to left venous angle (IJV + subclavian v)

Question 33

right lymphatic duct

Answer 33

• drains R UL, head, neck, and thorax

- drains to R venous angle