Anterior and Medial Thigh - Acht

Question 1

Incompetent valves in the perforating veins may result in:

Answer 1

varicose veins

(perforating veins connect the superficial and deep veins in the leg)

Question 2

What is the innervation of the tensor fasciae latae?

What is the function of the tensor fascia latae?

Answer 2

Innervated by the superior gluteal nerve

The tensor fasciae latae flexes the thigh and stabilizes the knee in extension

Question 3

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

What passes through the femoral triangle?

Answer 3

Boundaries:

Sartorius, Inguinal ligament, Adductor longus

Pass through:

Femoral Nerve, Femoral Artery, Femoral Vein, Inginal lymph nodes

Question 4

What structures are inside and outside the femoral sheath?

Answer 4

Femoral vessels inside, femoral nerve is NOT

Question 5

If you have a femoral hernia… what does that even mean?

Answer 5

The femoral canal is the potential site of a femoral hernia, which is a protrusion of an abdominal structure: intestine, fat, or mesentery through an opening in the abdominal wall

This type of hernia is more common in females due to the wider female pelvis

Question 6

Innervation and action of sartorius! Go!

Answer 6

Innervated by femoral nerve

flexes and laterally rotates hip joint and flexes and medially rotates knee joint

Question 7

Function of iliopsoas?

Answer 7

Powerful flexor of hip joint

Question 8

Innervation and function of the pectineus muscle?

Answer 8

Femoral Nerve

Flexes and adducts the hip

Question 9

label the thigh muscles!

Answer 9

Woops that is not the pectineus, that’s the iliopsoas

The Pectineus is the small one just medially

Thanks Cade!

(I didn’t change the picture because it was a hassle)

Question 10

What are the 4 quad muscles and where do they insert?

Also just for kicks, what is their innervation?

Answer 10

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis

Insert into tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

Innervated by femoral nerve

Question 11

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 11

femoral nerve!

Question 12

What are the branches of the deep femoral artery?

Answer 12

Medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries (the medial branch is particularly important clinically because it provides major branches to the head and neck of the femur)

Perforating branches (4 to the posterior compartment of the thigh)

Question 13

What are the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?

What is ther action?

Answer 13

The medial compartment is the adductor compartment!

a. Gracilis
b. Adductor longus
c. Adductor brevis
d. Adductor magnus

-Major action of all four of these muscles is adduction of the thigh at hip joint.

Question 14

What nerve supplies the adductors of the thigh?

Answer 14

The obturator nerve

Question 15

What is a hip pointer?

Answer 15

Hip pointer: a bruise or contusion of the bone over the iliac crest or an avulsion of the muscles from the iliac crest

Question 16

What is a charlie horse?

Answer 16

contusion and tearing of muscle fibers enough to result in a thigh hematoma (collection of blood); pain and stiffness

Question 17

Why is it important clinically to know that the great saphenous vein is always anterior to the medial malleolus?

Answer 17

inserting a cannula for prolonged administration of drugs, blood etc. can be performed in the great saphenous vein. The skin incision should be made anterior to the medial malleolus where the vein always runs

In obese people, people in shock or infants, it may be difficult to find the vein but its constant location in front of the medial malleolus helps locate the vein.

Question 18

Let’s say you have a 15-year-old track star who comes into the clinic with pain in the tibial tuberosity. What is a likely diagnosis with no more information?

Answer 18

Osgood-Schlatter disease:

an epiphysitis of the tuberosity resulting in pain in the area of the tibial tuberosity where the patellar ligament attaches; Usually occurs in adolescents (9-13 years old) and is aggravated by activity