Anterior and Lateral Leg

Question 1

What is the Extensor retinaculum

Answer 1

thicker deep fascia of the leg

prevents bowstring during dorsiflexion

Question 2

Anterior Compartment muscles

Answer 2

Tibialis Anterior M
Extensor hallucis M
Extensor digitorum longus M
Fibularis Tertius M

Dorsiflexion
toe extension

Question 3

Tibialis Anterior M

Answer 3

thick muscle on the anterolateral surface of the tibia

Lateral tibial condyle and superolateral 1/2 of the tibia

to the medial surface of first medial cuneiform and first metatarsal base

dorsiflexion and inversion of foot

Deep fibular Nerve

Anterior Tibial Artery

Question 4

Extensor Digitorum Longus M

Answer 4

Lateral tibial condyle, anterior fibular surface, interosseous membrane

Each of four tendons on extensor expansion of lateral four proximal phalanges

• two lateral slips (distal phalanx)
• one medial slip (middle phalanx)

extends lateral four digits, dorsiflexion

Deep fibular Nerve

Anterior Tibial Artery

Question 5

Fibularis tertius M

Answer 5

Proximal: Anteroinferior fibular surface
Distal: dorsum of fifth metacarsal bone

Dorsiflexion
Eversion

Deep fibular N

Anterior Tibial Artery

Question 6

Extensor Hallucis Longus M

Answer 6

ANteromedial fibular surface and interosseous membrane, medial to distal half of the proximal attachment of extensor digitorum longus

Distal: Base of distal phalanx

Extend Hallux
Dorsiflex ankle

Deep Fibular Nerve

Anterior Tibial Artery

Question 7

Anterior Compartment Innervation

Answer 7

Deep fibular Nerve

also supplies: ankle joint and metatarpal phalangeal joints
dorsal intrinsic foot muscles
skin between the first and second digits

Question 8

Anterior compartment Blood supply

Answer 8

Anterior tibial Artery

descends on anterior surface of interosseus membrane between Extensor hallucis Longus and Tibialis anterior M

ends at ankle between malleoli to become dorsalis pedis artery

Question 9

Lateral compartment muscles

Answer 9

Fibularis Brevis M
Fibularis Longus M

Eversion and Plantar flexion

Question 10

Fibularis Longus M

Answer 10

Proximal: Head of superolateral fibula
passes inferior and posterior to lateral malleolus
Distal: first metatarsal and medial cuneiform bone

Eversion and plantar flexion

Superficial fibular Nerve

Fibular Artery

Question 11

Fibularis Brevis M

Answer 11

Proximal: inferolateral 2/3 of fibula
Distal: dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of fifth metatarsal

Eversion and plantar flexion

Superficial fibular Nerve

Fibular Artery

Question 12

Innervation of the Lateral compartment

Answer 12

Superficial Fibular nerve

also supplies:
distal 1/3 anteroinferior leg
nearly all of the dorsal surface of the foot
most of the dorsal aspect of the digits

Question 13

Foot drop

Answer 13

injury to the common fibular nerve since it wraps around the fibular head

loss of dorsiflexion
difficult to achieve heel strike
patient has high stepping gait, waddling gait, or swing out gait

foot strikes with a clap

loss of sensation of the anterolateral leg and dorsum of the foot

Question 14

Arterial blood supply to the lateral compartment

Answer 14

Fibular Artery which is a branch of the posterior tibial Artery

fibular artery runs in the posterior compartment

Question 15

Fasciotomy

Answer 15

relieve intercompartmental pressure in the fascia due to trauma causing hemorage, edema or inflammation

cut open the fascia and leave open till swelling is reduced

Question 16

Shin splints

Answer 16

repetitive microtrauma to the tibialis anterior muscle

small tears to the periosteum over tibia

mild form of compartmental syndrome caused by swelling of tibialis anterior from repetitive ground reaction force