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Anatomy Exam IV > Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Function of abdominal wall

A
  • protect and stabilize abdominal contents
  • trunk rotation and flexion
  • maintain and control intra-abdominal pressure for parturition and defecation
  • oppose diaphragm during exhalation
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2
Q

Umbilicus is at vertebral level ______ and innervated by _______

A

L3-L4

T10

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3
Q

Inguinal ligament

A

tight function of fascial layers forming a shelf in which the spermatic cord (round ligament) rests

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4
Q

What 3 bones make up the pelvis

A

ilium, ischium, pubis

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5
Q

Layers of anterior abdominal wall from superior to deep

A 
skin
subcutaneous fascia layers
muscular layers 
transversalis fascia
peritoneum
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6
Q

Layers of the superficial fasica

A

camper’s fascia and scarpa’s fascia

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7
Q

Camper’s fascia

A

adipose layer coursing w/nerves and vasculature

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8
Q

Scarpa’s fascia

A

membranous fascial layer deep to camper’s

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9
Q

Scarpa’s fascia becomes ______ in the scrotum and ______ in the perineum

A

Dartos, Colles

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10
Q

What can happen with an injury to the urethra in a male patient?

A

Urine fills up the potential space between the scarpa’s fascia and aponeurosis of the external oblique

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11
Q

4 major muscles of the abdominal wall

A

External oblique
Internal oblique
Rectus Abdominis
Transversus Abdominis

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12
Q

Innervation of external oblique

A

thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11)

subcostal nerves

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13
Q

innervation of internal oblique

A

thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11)

first lumbar nerve (L1)

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14
Q

Action of transversus abdominus

A

compress and support abdominal viscera

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15
Q

Innervation of transversus abdominus

A

thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11)

first lumbar nerve (L1)

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16
Q

action of rectus abdominus

A 
flexes trunk (lumbar vertebra) 
compresses abdominal viscera
stablizes and controls pelvic tilt
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17
Q

Innervation of rectus abdominus

A

thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of inferior 6 thoracic nerves)

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18
Q

Tranversalis fascia

A

layer of fascia tha tlines the internal abdominal wall and forms the deep inguinal ring

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19
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

serous lining of peritoneum that produces serous fluid and lubricates the abdominal organs

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20
Q

Innervation of parietal peritoneum

A

somatic body wall nerves

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21
Q

What is the falciform ligament a remnant of?

A

ventral mesentery

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22
Q

What is the round ligament a remnant of?

A

fetal umbilical vein

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23
Q

What is the median umbilical fold a remnant of?

A

allantois and paraumbilical veins

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24
Q

What are the medial umbilical folds a remnant of?

A

umbilical arteries

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25
Q

What are the lateral umbilical folds a remnant of?

A

inferior epigastic arteries and veins

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26
Q

What is not present below arcuate line

A

no rectus sheath under rectus abdominis

no CT below muscle

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27
Q

_______ pierce the rectus abdominis and run through cavity underneath arcuate line

A

inferior epigastic arteries

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28
Q

Origin of thoraco-abdominal nerves (T7-T11)

A

continuation of lower intercostal nerves

29
Q

Course of thoraco-abdominal nerves (T7-T11)

A

run between 2nd and 3rd layers of abdominal muscles, lateral and anterior cutaneous branches enter subcutaneous tissue

30
Q

What do the thoraco-abdominal nerves innervate?

A

muscles of anterolateral wall and overlying skin

31
Q

What is the origin of the subostal nerve (T12)

A

anterior ramus of T12 spinal nerve

32
Q

What is the course of the subcostal nerve (T12)

A

inferior border of the 12th rib, then onto subumbilical abdominal wall

33
Q

What does the subcostal nerve (t12) innervate?

A

muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall

oberlying skin superior to iliac crest and inferior to umbilicus

34
Q

What is the origin of the ilioinguinal nerve (L1)

A

anterior ramus of L1 spinal nerve

35
Q

What is the course of the ilioinguinal nerve (L1)

A

passes between 2nd and 3rd layers of abdominal muscles, then traverses inguinal canal

36
Q

What does the ilioinguinal nerve (L1) innervate?

A

skin of scrotum or labia majus and mons pubis and adjacane tmedial aspect of thigh
most inferior interal oblique and transversus abdominus

37
Q

What is the origin of the musculophrenic a

A

internal thoracic a

38
Q

What is the course of the musculophrenic a

A

descends along costal margin

39
Q

WHat does the musculophrenic a oxygenate

A

abdominal wall of hypochondriac region
anterolateral
diaphram

40
Q

What is the origin of the superior epigastric a

A

internal thoracic a

41
Q

What is the course of the epigastric a

A

descends in rectus sheath deep to rectus abdominus

42
Q

What does the superior epigastric a oxygenate

A

rectus abdominus and superior part of anterolateral wall

43
Q

What is the origin of the subcostal a

A

aorta

44
Q

What is the course of the subostal a

A

beyond ribs to descend in abdominal wall between internal oblique and transversus abdomiinus

45
Q

What does the subostal a oxygenate?

A

lateral region of abdominal wall

46
Q

What is the origin of the inferior epigastric a

A

external iliac a

47
Q

What is the course of the inferior epigastric a

A

run superiorly and enters rectus sheath, runs deep to rectus abdominus

48
Q

What does the inferior epigastric a oxygenate

A

rectus abdominus and medial part of anterolateral abdominal wall

49
Q

What is the origin of the deep circumflex iliac a

A

external iliac a

50
Q

What is the course of the deep circumflex iliac a

A

run on deep aspect of anterior abdominal wall, parallel to inguinal ligament

51
Q

What does the deep circumflex iliac a oxygenate

A

superficial abdominal wall of inguinal region and adjacent anterior thigh

52
Q

What is the origin of the superifical epigastric a

A

femoral a

53
Q

What is the course of the superficial epigastric a

A

run in superficial fascia toward umbilicus

54
Q

What does the superficial epigastric a oxygenate

A

subcutaneous tissue ans skin over pubic and inferior umbilical region

55
Q

Which arteries anastomoses with the aorta

A

posterior intercostals
posterior subcostal
lumbar arteries

56
Q

What arteries anatomose with the internal thoracic

A

superior epigastric

muscolophrenic to anterior intercostals

57
Q

What arteries anatomose with the external iliac a

A

inferior epigastric

deep circumflex iliac

58
Q

What arteries anatomose with the femoral a

A

superficial epigastric

superficial circumflex iliac

59
Q

When are the axillary lymph nodes enlarged?

A

if ailment is above the transumbilical plane

60
Q

When are the superifical inguinal lymph nodes enlarged?

A

if ailment is below the transumbilical plan

61
Q

A subcostal surgical incision may mean

A

gall bladder surgery

62
Q

A median (linea abla) surgical incision may mean

A

surgery to get to transverse colon and small intestine

63
Q

Paramedian surgical incision may mean

A

they went retracted muscle to one side

64
Q

A gridiron (through muscle layers at McBurney point) surgical incision may mean

A

appendectomy

65
Q

A transverse surgical incision may mean

A

ovary surgery

66
Q

A suprapubic surgical incision may mean

A

hysterectomy

67
Q

Are organs sensitive to pain?

A

no

68
Q

_____ nerves associate with nerves in abdomen and manifest ________

A

splanchnic

feelings and pain

Anatomy Exam IV (9 decks)

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