Abdominal Cavity I

Question 1

Ectoderm

Answer 1

make integument and nervous system, lining of anus and mouth

Question 2

Splanchnic mesoderm

Answer 2

make muscle, bone, connective tissue, outer layers of gut and gut-derived abdominal organs

Question 3

endoderm

Answer 3

makes lining of gut and gut-derived abdominal organs

Question 4

yolk sac

Answer 4

protects embryo from EtOH until it’s implanted
gives nourishment until implantation is complete
starts to form endoderm
blood develops here until liver is functional

Question 5

What forms first: anus or mouth?

Answer 5

anus

Question 6

Foregut

Answer 6

consists of mouth and anus

gives rise to pharyngeal pouches

Question 7

blood vessel of the foregut

Answer 7

celiac trunk

Question 8

midgut

Answer 8

extend from distal 2/3 of duodenum to proximal 2/3 of colon

gives rise to yolk stalk

Question 9

blood vessel of the midgut

Answer 9

superior mesenteric a (SMA)

Question 10

hindgut

Answer 10

extends from distal 1/3 of colon to anus

gives rise to allantois

Question 11

blood vessel of the hindgut

Answer 11

inferior mesenteric a (IMA)

Question 12

re-canalization allows what?

Answer 12

structures to pass through gut tube

Question 13

stenosis

Answer 13

narrowing of lumen

Question 14

arthesia

Answer 14

complete blockage

Question 15

mesentery

Answer 15

2 thin layers of splanchnic mesoderm that fuse together and form mucous/fibrous sheets around organs

Question 16

What happens to the dorsal mesentery?

Answer 16

disinigrates

Question 17

What happens to the ventral mesentery?

Answer 17

forms remnants

Question 18

Remnants of the ventral mesentery

Answer 18

falicifrom ligament
coronary ligament
lesser omentom

Question 19

Falciform ligament

Answer 19

goes from liver to ventral body wall

Question 20

Coronary ligament

Answer 20

goes from liver to diaphragm

Question 21

Lesser omentom

Answer 21

goes from liver to stomach and duodenum, but doesn’t attach to a body wall

Question 22

Secondarily Retroperitoneal

Answer 22

early in development is intraperitoneal but during rotation the organ gets pressed against the body wall and one layer of peritoneum disintegrates

Question 23

Primary retroperitoneal

Answer 23

always behind a mesentary during development

Question 24

Which organs are secondarily retroperitoneal

Answer 24

adreal glands
pancreus
2nd-4th parts of duodeum
ascending/descending colon

Question 25

Which organs are primarily retroperitoneal

Answer 25

esophagus rectum anus kidney

Question 26

Mnemonic for retropertoneal organs

Answer 26

SAD PUCKER | suprarenal glands, aorta/vena cava, duodeum, pancrease ureter, colon, kidney, esophagus, rectum

Question 27

Tracheosophageal folds

Answer 27

fuse to creat the esophagus and trachea

Question 28

Fistula

Answer 28

joining of two structures that shouldn't be joined

Question 29

Polyhydramnios

Answer 29

excess amniotic fluid

Question 30

Where does amniotic fluid come from

Answer 30

allantois

Question 31

What can happen when the fetus swallows amniotic fluid?

Answer 31

esophageal atresia

Question 32

_____ border of the stomach grows faster than the ____ border

Answer 32

dorsal | lesser

Question 33

Dorsal border of stomach creates the ____ curvature. | Ventral border of stomach creates the ____ curvature

Answer 33

greater | lesser

Question 34

What provides parasymphatetic innervation to stomach

Answer 34

vagus

Question 35

Pancreatic development

Answer 35

starts as 2 buds (dorsal and ventral) that come together to form pancreas

Question 36

What happens if 2 ventral buds of pancreas develop?

Answer 36

stenosis of duodnum

Question 37

Spleen development

Answer 37

NOT an endodermal derative | forms from splanchinic mesoderm and dorsal mesentery

Question 38

What are some problems that can happen during twistin?

Answer 38

``` untwisted gut volvulus reversed rotation sub-hepatic cecum and appendix internal hernia midgut volvulus ```

Question 39

volvulus

Answer 39

torsion or twisting of gut in a different directions | can cause blockage in small intestine

Question 40

reversed rotation

Answer 40

SMA wraps around transverse colon causing blockage

Question 41

sub-hepatic cecum and appendix

Answer 41

no ascending colon

Question 42

internal hernia

Answer 42

omentum gets wrapped around small intestine, causes issues with digestion

Question 43

midgut volulus

Answer 43

colon wraps around duodeum

Question 44

Urorectal septum

Answer 44

splits clocacal membrane into urogenital membrane and anal membrane

Question 45

Pectinate line

Answer 45

where ectoderm and endoderm meet

Question 46

What receptors are above the pectinate line

Answer 46

pressure/stretch | NO PAIN

Question 47

What receptors are below the pectinate line

Answer 47

pain

Question 48

Persistant anal membrane

Answer 48

no opening to deficate

Question 49

anal-perineal fistula

Answer 49

the feces goes out a different hole

Question 50

rectouretral fistula

Answer 50

feces goes out of penis

Question 51

rectovaginal fistula

Answer 51

feces foes out vagina