Abdominal Cavity II

Question 1

What type of muscle is at pharyngeal end of esophagus

Answer 1

straited (voluntary)

Question 2

What type of muscle is at gastric end of esophagus

Answer 2

smooth (involuntary)

Question 3

Where does the esophagus go into the diaphragm

Answer 3

esophageal hiatus

level of T10

Question 4

Lesser omentum

Answer 4

made by ventral mesentary

has 2 parts: gastrohepatic ligament, liver to duodenum

Question 5

Duodenum

Answer 5

short, C-shaped

ducts carrying excretions from oliver, gallbladder, and pancreas enter duodenum

Question 6

_____ part of duodenum are intraperitoneal

Answer 6

1st and 5th

Question 7

_____ part of duodenum are secondarily retroperitoneal

Answer 7

2nd-4th

Question 8

Jejununum

Answer 8

starts where sm. intestine is free from secondary adhesion to peritoneum
blends with ileum
intraperitoneal

Question 9

Ileum

Answer 9

intraperitoneal

Question 10

Characteristics of large intestine

Answer 10

taenia coli
haustra
epiploic appendages

Question 11

Cecum

Answer 11

blind intestinal pouch
intraperitoneal
appendiz at lower pole

Question 12

ascending colon

Answer 12

between cecum and right colic flexure
forms right paracolic gutter
secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 13

Transverse colon

Answer 13

fuses with greater omentum
between right and left colic flexure
intraperitoneal

Question 14

Descending colon

Answer 14

forms left paracelic gutter

secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 15

sigmoid colon

Answer 15

s-shaped free portion
intraperitoneal
ends at rectosigmoid junction

Question 16

rectum

Answer 16

pelvic, fixed portion

primarily retroperitoneal

Question 17

anus

Answer 17

primarily retroperitoneal

Question 18

Atery of the forgut

Answer 18

celiac trunk

Question 19

L gastric a

Answer 19

goes to proximal portion of lesser curvature of stomach

Question 20

splenic atery

Answer 20

goes to spleen

Question 21

branches of splenic a

Answer 21

prancreatic
short gastric a
left gastro-omentum

Question 22

branches of common hepatic a

Answer 22

gastroduodenal
right gastric
proper hepatic a

Question 23

branches of gastroduodeal a

Answer 23

right gasto-omental a
superior pancreatic-duodenal a
supraduodenal a (sometimes absent)

Question 24

right gastric a

Answer 24

goes to right lesser curvature of stomach

Question 25

branches of poper hepatic a

Answer 25

right and left hepatic a

Question 26

artery of the midgut

Answer 26

superior mesentery a (SMA)

Question 27

branches of SMA

Answer 27

``` inferior pancreatic duodenal a intestinal branches ileocolic right colic a middle colic a marginal a ```

Question 28

intestinal branches

Answer 28

go to jejunum and ileum

Question 29

right colic a

Answer 29

go to ascending colon

Question 30

middle colic a

Answer 30

go to transverse colon

Question 31

marginal a

Answer 31

anastomotic a circles colon gives rise to vasae recta

Question 32

What is the marginal a formed by

Answer 32

ileocolic, right colic, middle colic, and left colic

Question 33

artery of hindgut

Answer 33

inferior mesenteric a (IMA)

Question 34

branches of IMA

Answer 34

left colic a sigmoid a superior rectal a

Question 35

left colic a

Answer 35

goes to descending colon

Question 36

How do you get from the aorta to liver if common hepatic a is blocked?

Answer 36

``` celiac trunk splenic a left gastroepiploic a right fastroepiploic a gastrodudodenal a proper hepatic a left hepatic a ```

Question 37

vein of forgut

Answer 37

splenic vein

Question 38

vein of midgut

Answer 38

superior mesenteric v

Question 39

vein of hindgut

Answer 39

inferior mesenteric v

Question 40

inferior mesenteric v

Answer 40

doesnt' come off of vena cava | goes back to splenic vein

Question 41

portal hypertension causes

Answer 41

increased blood pressure | portal canal anastomoses

Question 42

esophageal anastomosis causes

Answer 42

esophageal varices

Question 43

rectqal anastomosis casues

Answer 43

hemorrhoids

Question 44

umbilical anastomosis casues

Answer 44

caput medusa

Question 45

colonic anastomosis casues

Answer 45

anastomoses between protal vein and body wall veins

Question 46

Most blood from guts goes into what? What is the exception?

Answer 46

hepatic portal system | rectum

Question 47

Portal system

Answer 47

circulatory system between 2 capillary beds

Question 48

1st bed

Answer 48

all capillaries in guts blood out of aorta into gut vessels back up through venous system into hepatic portal vein

Question 49

2nd bed

Answer 49

sinosoids | liver detoxes blood coming from guts

Question 50

Properties fo blood flowing though cap bed

Answer 50

high pressure | low velocity

Question 51

Upper rectum venous return goes through

Answer 51

inferior mesenteric vein

Question 52

Lower rectum venous return goes through

Answer 52

interal iliac vein

Question 53

What can cause backup in hepatic portal system

Answer 53

cirrhosis hepatitis tumors

Question 54

Esophageal varices

Answer 54

if aggravated they can burst | can cause you to drown in your own blood

Question 55

Hemorrhoids are caused by

Answer 55

liver problems pushing/straining pregnancy

Question 56

caput medusa

Answer 56

umbilical veins get backed up

Question 57

Innervation of foregut

Answer 57

celiac plexus

Question 58

Symphatics of foregut

Answer 58

arise from T5-T9 presynapthic pass through sympathetic chain pass through greater splanic nerve synapse in celiac ganglion post-synpatics follow branhes of celiac trunk to target organs

Question 59

parasymphatetics of foregut

Answer 59

arise from brain/vagus pass through celiac plexus follow branches of celiac trunk to targets synapse in ganglia in gut plexuses postsynaptics reach targets via short post synaptic fibers

Question 60

innervation of midgut

Answer 60

superior mesenteric plexus

Question 61

sympathetics of midgut

Answer 61

arise from T10-T12 presynaptic pass through sympathetic trunk pass through lesser splanic nerve or least splanic synapse in superior mesenteric ganglion post synpatic follow branches of SMA to largest organs

Question 62

parasympathetics of midgut

Answer 62

``` arise from brain/vagus pass through SMA follow SMA to targets synapse in ganglia in gut plexus post synaptic reach targets via short post synaptic fibers ```

Question 63

innervation of hindgut

Answer 63

inferior mesenteric plexus and hypogastric plesuses

Question 64

sympathetics of hindgut

Answer 64

arise from L1-L2 pass through sympathetic trunk pass through lumbar splanic nerves (L1-L2) synapse in inferior mesenteric ganglion post synaptics follow branch of IMA to target organs

Question 65

parasympathetics of hindgut

Answer 65

arise from S2-S4 pass through sacral spinal nerves S2-S4 pass through pelvic splanic nerves branches to colon pass cranially through hypogastric plexus and inferior mesenteric plexus follow branches of IMA to targets synapse in ganglia in gut plexus postsynaptetics reach tragets via short post synaptic fibers