Ante And Postnatal Screening Flashcards
What does antenatal screening do?
It Identifies the risk of a disorder so that further tests and a prenatal diagnosis can be offered
What is an anomaly scan?
Taken at 18-20 weeks
It can detect serious physical problems
What is a dating scan?
Taken at 8-14 weeks
For stage of pregnancy and the due date
They are used with tests for marker chemicals which vary normally during pregnancy
What is a biomedical test?
It is used to detect the normal physiological changes of pregnancy
Measuring a substance at the wrong time can lead to a false positive result
Blood pressure, blood type and general health checks (including routine blood and urine tests)
What is diagnostic testing?
Medical conditions can be detected by a range of marker chemicals that indicate a condition but need not necessarily be part of the condition
As a result of routine screening or for individuals in high risk categories, what further tests are offered?
Amniocentesis
Chorionic villus sampling (cvs) from the placenta
What test can be carried out earlier in pregnancy ? Cvs or amniocentesis
Cvs
What does cvs have a higher risk of ?
Miscarriage
What can be performed on the feral cells immediately?
Karyotyping
What is karyotyping used for ?
To diagnose a range of conditions
Normally a mother’s immune system doesn’t attack the fetus even if what?
It has a different signature
If the mother Is rhesus negative and the baby is rhesus positive
What happens if blood mixes at birth between a rhesus negative mother and a rhesus positive baby?
causes sensitisation to rhesus antigens
If there is sensitisation to rhesus antigens what happens?
The immune system of the mother makes anti-d antibodies and memory cells wait for a future ‘invader’
The rhesus positive fetus is attached by anti-d antibodies through the placenta
How is the fetus saved?
By replacing the rhesus positive blood with rhesus negative
What is the mother injected with after birth?
Anti d factor which destroys the d antigen
