ANSC 221 - Nutrition Part 1

Question 1

Helped open the modern of nutrition by proposing a single plant feeding experiment

Answer 1

Stephen Babcock

Question 2

Early observation published on nutritional physiology by collaborate with St. Alexio Martin

Answer 2

William Beaumont

Question 3

The very first nutritional experiment recorded

Answer 3

Daniel

Question 4

French scientist during the Age of Enlightenment, credited as being the Father of Nutrition. Credited with recognizing “Life is a chemical process”

Answer 4

Antoine Lavoisier

Question 5

Observe sailors with scurvy; they were healed with citrus juice

Answer 5

Dr. James Lind

Question 6

Helps cool an animal when it sweats

Answer 6

High latent heat of vaporization

Question 7

Keeps body temperature from increasing quickly with exercise

Answer 7

High specific heat

Question 8

Helps get in nutrients to cells and waste materials away from cell

Answer 8

High dielectric constant

Question 9

Which nutrients class provide most of the energy in most livestock diets?

Answer 9

Carbohydrates (C,H,O)

Question 10

Which nutrients class has the highest energy concentration

Answer 10

Fat (2.25 times)

Question 11

What are proteins made of

Answer 11

Amino Acid

Question 12

What are fats made of

Answer 12

glycerol and fatty acid

Question 13

What are carbohydrates made of

Answer 13

Sugars (saccharides)

Question 14

Fats contain how many times as much energy as carbs or protein

Answer 14

2.25

Question 15

Plants typically contain most energy in form of

Answer 15

carbohyrdates

Question 16

What are the 3 sources of water in animals

Answer 16

Drinking, Water in feed, and Metabolic water

Question 17

Glucose + Galactose

Answer 17

Lactose

Question 18

Glucose + Glucose with (b) beta bonds

Answer 18

Cellulose

Question 19

Glucose + Fructose

Answer 19

Sucrose

Question 20

Glucose + glucose (a) alpha bond

Answer 20

Maltose

Question 21

Which of the following is a pentose

Answer 21

Ribose

Question 22

What is the difference between starch and cellulose (3 differences)

Answer 22

Both are made of sugars
Cellulose is beta bond
Starch is alpha bond

Question 23

What substance is analyzed as part of crude fiber, and it is indigestible and binds to other things to decrease their disability?

Answer 23

Lignin

Question 24

What is the function of carbohydrates in the diet

Answer 24

provide energy

Question 25

Why does fat have more energy than carbohydrates

Answer 25

Fats contain less oxygen than carbohydrates More hydrogen and carbon

Question 26

Which will go rancid quicker, saturated fat or an unsaturated fat

Answer 26

unsaturated fat

Question 27

What is probably the most common and first effect of a fatty acid deficiency

Answer 27

Skin problem

Question 28

What are the Essential Fatty Acids

Answer 28

Linolenic, Linoleic, Arachidonic

Question 29

What is the Long Chain Fatty Acids of energy (3)

Answer 29

Palmitic, Stearic, Oleic

Question 30

What are the Volatile Fatty Acids or VFA

Answer 30

Acetic, Propionic, and Butyric

Question 31

What are the effects of water restriction (3)

Answer 31

Death, Decrease food intake, Hemoconcentration of Blood

Question 32

Name 3 polysaccharides

Answer 32

Cellulose, Glycogen, Starch

Question 33

What was the significance of the single plant feeding experiment

Answer 33

It began the golden age of nutrition such as vitamins

Question 34

Name the six class of nutrients

Answer 34

Water, Carbohydrates, Fats, Protein, Vitamins, and MInerals

Question 35

What is the function of water in the animal (4)

Answer 35

Temperature regulation, Movement of nutrition, takes part in chemical reactions, where a chemical reaction takes places

Question 36

Which disaccharides is a repeating unit of starch

Answer 36

Maltose

Question 37

Which disaccharides is a repeating unit of cellulose

Answer 37

Cellobiose

Question 38

Which bond does the animal not make enzymes to digest

Answer 38

Beta

Question 39

What are the good and bad things about Lignin

Answer 39

Good: protects plants from disease and insect resistance. Give plant structure to stand Bad: Indigestible for animals

Question 40

What are the methods of analyzing carbs

Answer 40

Crude fiber and NFE

Question 41

What is fat soluble in

Answer 41

Ether

Question 42

List the 10 Essential Amino Acids

Answer 42

PVT TIM HALL Phenylalanine Valine Threonine Tryptophan Isoleucine Methionine Histidine Arginine Lysine Leucine

Question 43

Can non ruminant digest non protein nitrogen

Answer 43

No

Question 44

Why are linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids considered essential fatty acids

Answer 44

They can't produce them on their own

Question 45

What is the equation for calculating crude protein

Answer 45

Nitrogen x 6.25

Question 46

Is the quality or quantity of protein more important for non ruminanat

Answer 46

Quality

Question 47

Is the quality or quantity of protein more important for ruminant

Answer 47

Quantity

Question 48

What happens when amino acids are supplied in excess

Answer 48

Energy will be made and deaminate the nitrogen

Question 49

What would be the properties of ideal protein

Answer 49

Ideal protein would meet the essential amino acids of the animals, with non excess and the right level of nonessential

Question 50

What is special about methionine concerning isomer form

Answer 50

Both D and L synthesis of methionine is practical

Question 51

What is special about methionine concerning isomer form

Answer 51

Both D and L synthesis of methionine is practical.

Question 52

Which amino acid is active in both the D and L form making it cheaper to magnufacture

Answer 52

Methionine

Question 53

Which amino acid is active in both the D and L form making it cheaper to manufacture

Answer 53

Methionine

Question 54

Which amino acid is usually the most limiting, for most animal, in most feed?

Answer 54

Lysine

Question 55

Name all of the branched chain amino acids, which are metabolized improperly resulting in Maple Syrup Disease

Answer 55

Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine

Question 56

What is difference between true protein and crude protein

Answer 56

True protein - is composed of amino acid connected together by protein bonds Crude protein - is our estimate of true protein based on nitrogen content