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Physiology I Block 2 > ANS Parasympathetic > Flashcards

ANS Parasympathetic Flashcards

1
Q

mushroom acts on what

A

acts on muscarinic receptor

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2
Q

CN IX innervates

A

parotid gland (salivary)

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3
Q

CN X innervates

A

SO MUCH!

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4
Q

sympathetic stimulation think increase in

A

secretion

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5
Q

M3 think

A

contraction

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6
Q

during micturition what dominate

A

parasympathetic: M3

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7
Q

what is muscarinic agonist

A

muscarine

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8
Q

muscarinic receptors are all

A

g protein coupled

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9
Q

M2 is in the

A

heart

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10
Q

agonist for nicotinic receptor

A

nicotine

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11
Q

antagonist for nicotinic receptor

A

N2: Hexamethonium
N1: Curare

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12
Q

if hexamethonium is given what will happen to parasympathetic system

A

go down in activity

sympathetic will go down b/c N2 receptors are in both ganglia

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13
Q

N2 similar to

A

N1 in skeletal muscle

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14
Q

adrenal medulla has what receptors

A

N2

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15
Q

atropine and scopolamine are

A

muscarinic antagonist

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16
Q

what is the overall function of PNS?

A

restorative, to conserve energy

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17
Q

preganglionic neurons of the PNS arise from nuclei of where

A

CN III, VII, IX, X

S2-4

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18
Q

describe the length of pre an post ganglia length for PNS

A

preganglionic: long
postganglionic: short

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19
Q

where is the approximate origin of CN III

A

midbrain

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20
Q

where is the approximate origin of CN VII and IX

A

upper medulla

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21
Q

where is the approximate origin of CN X

A

middle medulla

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22
Q

how does CN III affect pupil?

A

constricts pupil

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23
Q

what does CN VII secrete?

A

tears

watery salivation

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24
Q

describe the myelination of the PNS

A

preganglionic cells are myelinated

postganglionic cells are unmyelinated

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25
Q

CN IX secretes

A

copious watery saliva

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26
Q

name some things CN X does

A 
constricts airway
slows heart rate
stimulates digestion
stimulates secretion of insulin and digestive enzymes in pancreas
stimulates activity of intestines
stimulates gall bladder to release bile
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27
Q

Name some functions of the splachnic nerves of PNS

A

micturition
dilates blood vessels in intesine and rectum
male erection
engorgement and secretions in female

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28
Q

why are pre and postganlionic axons called cholinergic

A

they release Ach

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29
Q

effector organs of PNS have what kind of receptor

A

only muscarinic

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30
Q

nicotine is an

A

agonist

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31
Q

muscarine is an

A

agonist

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32
Q

what does nicotine do

A

binds to nicotinic receptor, mimics Ach

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33
Q

what does muscarine do

A

binds to muscarine receptor, mimics Ach

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34
Q

where is M1 receptor found

A

smooth muscle & glands of gut

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35
Q

where is M2 receptor found

A

smooth and cardiac muscle

think heart!

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36
Q

where is M3 receptor found

A

smooth muscle and glands of all targets

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37
Q

where are N1 receptors found

A

skeletal muscle (motor end plate)

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38
Q

where are N2 receptors found

A

basically anywhere you would find N receptor that is not skeletal muscle. all preganglionig PNS have N2 receptor

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39
Q

what is mechanism of action for nicotinic receptors

A

open Na+ and K+ channels → depol.

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40
Q

what is an antagonist for nicotinic receptor

A

curare N1

Hexamethonium N2

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41
Q

result of nicotinic receptor is always

A

stimulatory

always results in depol.

42
Q

what is the mechanism of action for muscarinic receptor

A

think G coupled

IP3 → increased intracellular calcium, → decreased adenylyl cyclase → decreased cAMP

43
Q

what is the antagonist for msucarinic receptor

A

Atropine, Scopolamine

44
Q

what does muscarinic receptor do to adnylyl cyclase

A

inhibits

45
Q

what does muscarinic receptor do to phoslipase C (PLC)

A

stimulate

46
Q

what does muscarinic receptor do to ion channels?

A

regulates

47
Q

describe very basically how muscarinic receptors work

A

they are G protein coupled receptors, so they have affect on adenylyl cyclase and PLC to generate second messenger cascade

48
Q

what is the agonist for nicotinic receptor

A

nicotine

49
Q

what is the antagonist for N1

A

curare

50
Q

what is the antagonist for N2

A

Hexamethonium

51
Q

what is major Muscarinic receptor for the heart

A

M2

52
Q

draw chart of M1, M3, M3, what they affect and how they affect it

A

pg 16

53
Q

how are G protein coupled receptors activated

A

GDP → GTP

54
Q

draw very GENERALLY how M1 and M3 are activated

A

pg 17

55
Q

draw very generally how M2 and M4 are activated

A

pg 18 & 19

56
Q

what is the agonist for alpha adrenergic receptor? (for catecholamines)

A

phenylephrine

think “phenil’s a friend”

57
Q

what is the anatagonist for alpha adrenergic receptor for catecholamines?

A

phentolamine (alpha 1 & alpha 2)

“Phen told on me”

58
Q

what is the agonist for beta adrenergic receptor for catecholamines?

A

isoproterenol

59
Q

what is the antagonist for beta adrenergic receptor for catecholamines?

A

propranolol (beta 1 and beta 2)

60
Q

mushroom poisoning will cause what kind of symptoms

A

cholinergic (think norepinephrine!, fight or flight symptoms)

61
Q

what controls pupillary dilator

A

sympathetic

62
Q

what controls pupillary constrictor

A

parasympathetic

63
Q

what does miosis mean

A

pupil constricted

64
Q

what does mydriasis mean

A

pupil dilated

65
Q

what type of sympathetic receptor for dilated pupil

A

alpha 1

66
Q

what type of parasympathetic receptor for constricted pupil

A

M3

67
Q

what receptor for sympathetic helps with lens for better eyesight for far vision

A

beta 2

68
Q

what receptor for parasympathetic helps with lens for nearsighted vision

A

M3

69
Q

how do belladonna drops work

A

they contain atropine, drop them in your eye, they block pupillary constrictor, so pupil will dilate

70
Q

go through pg 27 & 28 and find patterns and tricks

A

pg 27-28

71
Q

explain sympathetic role in micturition

A

for FILLING
relaxes detrusor muscle
contracts internal sphincter
(external sphincter contracts voluntarily)

72
Q

explain parasympathetic role in micturition

A

EMPTYING
contracts detrusor muscle
relaxes internal sphincter
(external sphincter contracts voluntarily)

73
Q

where is M1 usually found

A

ganglia

74
Q

what are the most predominant receptor in ganglia

A

N1

75
Q

Hexamethonium will not work at

A

neuromuscular junction

76
Q

Hexamethonium will affect both

A

PNS and SNS

77
Q

alpha 1 region

A

sphincters, blood vessels

78
Q

if you block alpha 1 what happens to BP

A

it will go down,

will vasodilate

79
Q

dilator muscle being stimluated by

A

sympathetic

80
Q

alpha 1 agonist will do what to eye

A

makes eye dilate, acts on dilator muscle

81
Q

sphincter or constricter eye muscle has what receptor

A

M3

82
Q

dilator eye muscle has what receptor

A

alpha 1

83
Q

give muscarinic agonist to pts eye induce

A

constricution

84
Q

alpha 1 agonist to pts eye induce

A

dilation

85
Q

when you accomodate for vision what do you use

A

ciliary muscle

86
Q

beta 2 receptor, it will do what to eye

A

relax ciliary musle for far vision

87
Q

when you relax ciliary muscle you do wht to lens

A

make it flatter so you can see far

88
Q

parasympathetic for ciliary engage what receptors

A

M3

89
Q

M3 parasympathetic do what to ciliary muscle

A

contract it - helps for near vision

90
Q

what is receptor for near vision

A

M3

91
Q

what is receptor for far vision

A

Beta 2

92
Q

what does belladonna do

A

act on sphincter muscle to relax it

atropine like drug, it is a muscarinic antagonist, it blocks pupillary constrictor

93
Q

what is predominant parasympathetic receptor in the heart

A

M2

94
Q

what does M2 do to heart

A

decrease it all - decreases HR etc.

95
Q

what is major parasympathetic receptor for blood vessel

A

M3

96
Q

where are M3 receptors in blood

A

think erection

97
Q

what is major parasympathetic receptor for digestive system

A

M3

98
Q

what receptor is in internal urethral sphincter

A

alpha 1

99
Q

draw pic of urinary regulation

A

pg 31

100
Q

how do you know when you need to urinate

A

mechanoreceptors - will increase firing rate

101
Q

what will signal do to parasympathetic system when you get signal to pee

A

stimulate
detrusor muscle contracts
internal sphincter muscle relaxes

Physiology I Block 2 (7 decks)

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