ANS Meds Flashcards
Uses of adrenergic medications
Hemodynamic compromise
Bronchospasms
Asthma
Nasal and sinus congestion
Adrenergic contraindications
Narrow angle glaucoma Heart disease CAD Arrhythmias CHF Peripheral vascular disease
Andrenergic interactions
Drugs that stimulate the CNS MAOI Tricyclic antidepressants Alcohol Theophylline Atropine Antihistamines Alpha or beta blockers
Adrenergic adverse reaction
Nervousness/tremor/anxiety Dysrhythmias Hypertension Cardiac ischemia Elevated glucose levels Pupil dilation Tissue necrosis Headache, insomnia GI and bladder involvement
Adrenergic target which receptors
Alpha 1 & 2
Beta 1 & 2
Adrenergic antagonist target which receptors
Alpha
Beta 1
Beta 2
Adrenergic antagonist uses
Treat cardiac conditions Pupil constriction Increase peripheral blood flow BPH Migraine headache
Atenolol classification
Adrenergic antagonist
Treats hypertension, AMI, arrhythmia
Inderal classification
Adrenergic antagonist
Treats migraines
Adrenergic antagonist contraindications
Ischemic heart disease Hypotension Asthma (extreme) Diabetes (caution) Some dysrhythmias
Adrenergic antagonist interactions
Any adrenergic agonist or antagonist
Insulin or oral anti diabetic
Alcohol
Adrenergic antagonist adverse reaction
Orthostatic hypotension Bradycardia Bronchoconstriction Hypoglycemia Fatigue/weakness GI upset (increased motility)
Adrenergic antagonist Nx implications/Teaching
Do not discontinue abruptly Monitor for orthostatic hypotension Avoid alcohol, sedatives Watch BP, P, RR Evenly dose around the clock Report GI or sexual adverse effects Report breathing difficulties
Cholinergic receptors
Muscarinic
Nicotinic
Direct cholinergic uses
Urinary retention
GI tract symptoms
Cholinergic contraindications
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Urinary tract or intestinal obstruction
Asthma
Antidote for cholinergic overdose
Atropine
Cholinergic adverse effects
Sedation and drowsiness Hypotension with tachycardia Excessive salivation Diarrhea Abdominal pain Life threatening pulmonary effects
Cholinergic Nx Implications/teaching
Give 30 min before meal
Have atropine at bedside for OD
Watch for respiratory complications
Anticholinergic uses
Dry up secretions Decrease motility GI and GU Dilation of pupils Parkinson disease symptom control Treat bronchospasm Treat cholinergic crisis
Anticholinergic contraindications
Narrow angle glaucoma
Myasthenia gravis
Caution with coronary artery disease
Anticholinergic drug interactions
Antihistamines
Tricyclic antidepressants
Antacids
Anticholinergic adverse effects
Dryness Decreases GI and GU motility Hypertension Drowsiness, nervousness Blurred vision Palpitations Confusion
Anticholinergic Nx Implications/Teaching
Give antacids one hour between anticholinergics
Provide oral care
Watch for sedative reaction
Watch for urinary retention and constipation
dopaminealbuterol (Proventil)
pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
norepinephrine (Levophed)
Adrenergic
bethanechol (Urecholine) edrophonium chloride (Tensilon)
Cholinergic
Sympathetic effects on Heart Lungs Pupil reaction Glucose GI activity Sphincter Blood flow
Heart: rate increase, pump increase, automaticity, BP
Lungs: rate increase, depth increase, SpO2 increase, bronchodilation, decrease secretions
Pupil reaction: dilate, increase pressure in back of eye
Glucose: Breakdown of glycogen into fuel, blood glucose levels increase
GI activity: Decreased movement, decreased secretions, decreased blood flow to tract
Sphincter: bladder sphincter contracts
Blood flow: Vasoconstriction, flow increases to where the body needs it
Parasympathetic effects on Heart Lungs Pupil reaction Glucose GI activity Sphincter Blood flow
Heart: rate decrease, pump decrease, BP decrease
Lungs: rate decrease, depth decrease, increased secretions, bronchoconstriction
Pupil reaction: constrict
Glucose: Glucose becomes storage, lower blood glucose levels
GI activity: Increased motility, increased secretions
Sphincter: Sphincters relax
Blood flow: Vasodilation, goes to periphery
